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Evaluation of Spatio-Temporal Patterns of Remotely Sensed Evapotranspiration to Infer Information about Hydrological Behaviour in a Data-Scarce Region

机译：遥感蒸散量的时空分布模式推断数据稀缺区水文行为信息的评价

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Information about the hydrological behaviour of a river basin prior to setting up, calibrating and validating a distributed hydrological model requires extensive datasets that are hardly available for many parts of the world due to insufficient monitoring networks. In this study, the focus was on prevailing spatio-temporal patterns of remotely sensed evapotranspiration (ET) that enabled conclusions to be drawn about the hydrological behaviour and spatial peculiarities of a river basin at rather high spatial resolution. The prevailing spatio-temporal patterns of ET were identified using a principal component analysis of a time series of 644 images of MODIS ET covering the Wami River basin (Tanzania) between the years 2000 and 2013. The time series of the loadings on the principal components were analysed for seasonality and significant long-term trends. The spatial patterns of principal component scores were tested for significant correlation with elevations and slopes, and for differences between different soil texture and land use classes. The results inferred that the temporal and spatial patterns of ET were related to those of preceding rainfalls. At the end of the dry season, high ET was maintained only in areas of shallow groundwater and in cloud forest nature reserves. A region of clear reduction of ET in the long-term was related to massive land use change. The results also confirmed that most soil texture and land use classes differed significantly. Moreover, ET was exceptionally high in natural forests and loam soil, and very low in bushland and sandy-loam soil. Clearly, this approach has shown great potential of publicly available remote sensing data in providing a sound basis for water resources management as well as for distributed hydrological models in data-scarce river basins at lower latitudes.
机译：在建立，校准和验证分布式水文模型之前，有关流域水文行为的信息需要大量的数据集，由于监测网络不足，该数据集在世界许多地方都很难获得。在这项研究中，重点是遥感蒸散量（ET）的时空分布，从而可以得出在较高空间分辨率下流域的水文行为和空间特征的结论。通过对2000年至2013年间覆盖瓦米河盆地（坦桑尼亚）的644张MODIS ET图像的时间序列进行主成分分析，确定了ET的主要时空格局。主成分的时间序列分析季节性和重大的长期趋势。测试了主成分评分的空间格局与海拔和坡度的显着相关性，以及不同土壤质地和土地利用类别之间的差异。结果表明，ET的时空格局与前期降雨有关。在干旱季节结束时，仅在浅层地下水区域和云雾森林自然保护区中维持高ET。长期来看，ET明显减少的区域与大规模的土地利用变化有关。结果还证实，大多数土壤质地和土地利用类别存在显着差异。此外，天然林和壤土中的ET异常高，而灌木林和沙壤土中的ET极低。显然，这种方法在为低纬度数据稀少的流域的水资源管理以及分布式水文模型提供了坚实的基础方面，已经显示了公开的遥感数据的巨大潜力。

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