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A Hydrological and Geomorphometric Approach to Understanding the Generation of Wadi Flash Floods

机译：一种水文和地貌方法，以了解旱谷山洪暴发的发生

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Abstract: The generation and processes of wadi flash floods are very complex and are not well understood. In this paper, we investigate the relationship between variations in geomorphometric and rainfall characteristics and the responses of wadi flash floods. An integrated approach was developed based on geomorphometric analysis and hydrological modeling. The Wadi Qena, which is located in the Eastern Desert of Egypt, was selected to validate the developed approach and was divided into 14 sub-basins with areas ranging from 315 to 1488 km2. The distributed Hydrological River Basin Environment Assessment Model (Hydro-BEAM) was used to obtain a good representation of the spatial variability of the rainfall and geomorphology in the basin. Thirty-eight geomorphometric parameters representing the topographic, scale, shape and drainage characteristics of the basins were considered and extracted using geographic information system (GIS) techniques. A series of flash flood events from 1994, 2010, 2013, and 2014, in addition to synthetic virtual storms with different durations and intensities, were selected for the application of this study. The results exhibit strong correlations between scale and topographic parameters and the hydrological indices of the wadi flash floods, while the shape and drainage network metrics have smaller impacts. The total rainfall amount and duration significantly impact the relationship between the hydrologic response of the wadi and its geomorphometry. For most of the parameters, we found that the impact of the wadi geomorphometry on the hydrologic response increases with increasing rainfall intensity.
机译：摘要：旱谷山洪泛滥的产生和过程非常复杂，人们还不甚了解。在本文中，我们研究了地貌特征和降雨特征的变化与旱谷暴洪响应之间的关系。基于地貌分析和水文模型开发了一种综合方法。选择位于埃及东部沙漠中的瓦迪卡纳（Wadi Qena）来验证开发的方法，并将其划分为14个子流域，面积从315到1488 km2。利用分布式水文流域环境评估模型（Hydro-BEAM）可以很好地表示流域内降雨和地貌的空间变异性。使用地理信息系统（GIS）技术考虑并提取了代表盆地的地形，规模，形状和排水特征的38个地貌参数。除具有不同持续时间和强度的合成虚拟风暴外，还选择了1994年，2010年，2013年和2014年的一系列山洪暴发事件用于本研究。结果表明，旱谷山洪暴发的规模和地形参数与水文指数之间具有很强的相关性，而形状和排水网络指标的影响较小。总降雨量和持续时间显着影响旱谷的水文响应与其地貌之间的关系。对于大多数参数，我们发现旱谷地貌对水文响应的影响随着降雨强度的增加而增加。

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