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Impact of Groundwater Level on Nitrate Nitrogen Accumulation in the Vadose Zone Beneath a Cotton Field

机译：棉田下渗流带地下水位对硝态氮累积的影响

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In this study, the impacts of groundwater level on nitrate nitrogen accumulation in the vadose zone of a cotton field were investigated. Experiments were conducted in a cotton field at the CAS Ecological Agricultural Experiment Station in Nanpi from 2008 to 2010. A vertical observation well was drilled, and time-domain reflectometry probes and soil solution extractors were installed every 50 cm in the walls of the well to a depth of 5 m. The soil water content was monitored, and soil solution samples were obtained and analyzed every six days throughout the growing seasons during the three studied years. Additionally, a water consumption experiment was conducted, and the topsoil water content and leaf area index were measured in the cotton field. The resulting data were used to estimate parameters for use in a soil hydraulic and nitrate nitrogen movement model, and cotton evapotranspiration was calculated using the Penman–Monteith method. Groundwater level increases and decreases of ±4 m were simulated during a ten-year period using HYDRUS-1D. The results showed significant nitrate nitrogen accumulation in the vadose zone when the groundwater level remained unchanged or decreased, with increased accumulation as the groundwater depth increased. Additionally, increased precipitation and a deeper groundwater level resulted in greater nitrate nitrogen leaching in the cotton root zone. Therefore, irrigation and fertilization strategies should be adjusted based on precipitation conditions and groundwater depth.
机译：在这项研究中，调查了地下水位对棉田渗流带硝酸盐氮累积的影响。从2008年至2010年，在南皮的中科院生态农业试验站的棉田中进行了试验。钻了一个垂直观察井，并在井壁上每隔50厘米安装了时域反射计探针和土壤溶液提取器，以确保其安全。深度为5 m。在研究的三年中，在整个生长季节中，每六天监测一次土壤水分，并获取并分析土壤溶液样品。另外，进行了耗水试验，并在棉田中测量了表土的水含量和叶面积指数。所得数据用于估算用于土壤水力和硝态氮运移模型的参数，并使用Penman–Monteith方法计算棉花的蒸散量。使用HYDRUS-1D在十年内模拟了地下水位的增加和减少±4 m。结果表明，当地下水位保持不变或降低时，渗流带中硝酸盐氮的累积量很大，随地下水深度的增加而增加。另外，增加的降水量和更深的地下水位导致棉花根部区域硝酸盐氮的淋溶增加。因此，应根据降水条件和地下水深度调整灌溉和施肥策略。

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