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首页> 外文期刊>Harm Reduction Journal >Legal space for syringe exchange programs in hot spots of injection drug use-related crime
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Legal space for syringe exchange programs in hot spots of injection drug use-related crime

机译：注射毒品相关犯罪热点地区注射器交换计划的法律空间

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Background Copious evidence indicates that syringe exchange programs (SEPs) are effective structural interventions for HIV prevention among persons who inject drugs (PWID). The efficacy of SEPs in supporting the public health needs of PWID populations is partially dependent on their accessibility and consistent utilization among injectors. Research has shown that SEP access is an important predictor of PWID retention at SEPs, yet policies exist that may limit the geographic areas where SEP operations may legally occur. Since 2000 in the District of Columbia (DC), SEP operations have been subject to the 1000 Foot Rule (§48–1121), a policy that prohibits the distribution of “any needle or syringe for the hypodermic injection of any illegal drug in any area of the District of Columbia which is within 1000?feet of a public or private elementary or secondary school (including a public charter school).” The 1000 Foot Rule may impede SEP services in areas that are in urgent need for harm reduction services, such as locations where injections are happening in “real time” or where drugs are purchased or exchanged. We examined the effects of the 1000 Foot Rule on SEP operational space in injection drug use (IDU)-related crime (i.e., heroin possession or distribution) hot spots from 2000 to 2010. Methods Data from the DC Metropolitan Police Department were used to identify IDU-related crime hot spots. School operation data were matched to a dataset that described the approximate physical property boundaries of land parcels. A 1000-ft buffer was applied to all school property boundaries. The overlap between the IDU-related crime hot spots and the school buffer zones was calculated by academic year. Results When overlaying the land space associated with IDU-related crime hot spots on the maps of school boundaries per the 1000-ft buffer zone stipulation, we found that the majority of land space in these locations was ineligible for legal SEP operations. More specifically, the ineligible space in the identified hot spots in each academic year ranged from 51.93 to 88.29?% of the total hot spot area. Conclusions The removal of the 1000 Foot Rule could significantly improve the public health of PWID via increased access to harm reduction services. Buffer zone policies that restrict SEP operational space negatively affect the provision of harm reduction services to PWID.
机译：背景技术大量证据表明，注射器交换计划（SEPs）是注射药物（PWID）人群中预防HIV的有效结构干预措施。 SEP满足PWID人群公共卫生需求的功效部分取决于它们的可及性和注射者之间的一致利用。研究表明，SEP访问是SEP保留PWID的重要预测指标，但是存在一些政策可能会限制SEP操作可能合法发生的地理区域。自2000年以来，哥伦比亚特区（DC）的SEP操作一直受1000英尺规则（§48–1121）的约束，该政策禁止分发“任何针头或注射器进行皮下注射任何非法药物。哥伦比亚特区的面积，距离公立或私立小学或中学（包括公立特许学校）不超过1000英尺。” 《 1000英尺法规》可能会在急需减少伤害服务的区域（例如，“实时”进行注射或购买或交换毒品的区域）阻碍SEP服务。我们研究了2000年至2010年1000尺规则对与注射毒品使用（IDU）相关的犯罪（即，海洛因拥有或分发）热点中SEP操作空间的影响。方法使用大都会警察局的数据来确定注射毒品相关犯罪热点。将学校运营数据与描述土地块近似物理属性边界的数据集进行匹配。将1000英尺的缓冲区应用于所有学校财产边界。 IDU相关犯罪热点和学校缓冲区之间的重叠是按学年计算的。结果当按照1000英尺缓冲区的规定在学校边界地图上覆盖与IDU相关犯罪热点相关的土地空间时，我们发现这些位置中的大部分土地空间不符合合法的SEP操作。更具体地说，每个学年中确定的热点中不合格的空间占总热点面积的51.93％至88.29％。结论取消1000英尺规则可以通过增加获得减灾服务的机会来显着改善PWID的公共卫生。限制SEP操作空间的缓冲区策略会对向PWID提供减灾服务产生负面影响。

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