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Germination and hardseedness of seeds in okra elite lines

机译：秋葵精英系种子的发芽和种子结实

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The occurrence of hardseedness and the low percentage of seed germination are major challenges when growing okra. For this reason, five elite lines of okra developed at the Campinas Agronomic Institute (IAC), three with angular pods (lines 8.1, 20.1.2 and 47.1) and two with cylindrical pods (lines 13.1.2 and 20.1.R), were evaluated for seed quality and compared to two commercial seed samples (Horticeres Sementes and Sakata Seed Sudamerica) of cultivar Santa Cruz 47. Seeds were field produced in an experiment set in the Technological Park of the Horticulture Center of IAC, in Campinas, S?o Paulo State, Brazil, in a randomized block design, with three replications and 20-plant plots. Fruits were harvested 25, 35, 45, 55, 65 and 75 days after anthesis (DAA). Seeds were extracted straight away and subjected to the standard germination test in the laboratory. Observing the results, we concluded that, as far as seed quality is concerned, angular pods must be harvested earlier than cylindrical pods, more precisely 45 DAA to the line 47.1 and 45 to 55 DAA for lines 8.1 and 20.1.2. Seeds extracted from angular fruits harvested after these periods had reduced germination and increased hardseedness. Seeds from cylindrical capsules had the same behavior of the commercial seeds of cultivar Santa Cruz 47, showing better germination when extracted from pods harvested between 55 and 75 DAA, and no hardseedness.
机译：当种秋葵时，种子的发硬和种子发芽率低是主要挑战。因此，在坎皮纳斯农艺学院（IAC）开发了五种黄秋葵优良品系，其中三种带有角荚（8.1、20.1.2和47.1品系），另外两个具有圆柱形荚（13.1.2和20.1.R品系）。对种子质量进行评估，并与圣克鲁斯47品种的两个商业种子样品（Horticeres Sementes和Sakata Seed Sudamerica）进行比较。种子是在位于圣保罗州坎皮纳斯的IAC园艺中心技术园的一个实验装置中实地生产的。巴西Paulo State，采用随机区组设计，具有三个重复和20个植物地块。开花后25、35、45、55、65和75天（DAA）收获果实。立即提取种子，并在实验室中进行标准发芽测试。观察结果，我们得出结论，就种子质量而言，角荚必须比圆柱形荚更早地收获，更确切地说，是在第47.1行中收获45 DAA，在第8.1和20.1.2行中收获45至55 DAA。在这些时期之后，从角果中提取的种子发芽减少，种子硬度增加。圆柱状胶囊的种子具有与圣克鲁斯47品种的商业种子相同的行为，从55至75 DAA之间收获的豆荚中提取时，种子发芽更好，且没有结实性。

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