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Analysis and simulation of nutrient retention and management for a lowland river-lake system

机译：低地河床系统养分保留与管理的分析与模拟

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In the context of the European Water Framework Directive, we studied the possible impact ofreduced emissions on phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations in a lowland river-lake system (HavelRiver, Germany). As a prerequisite, we quantified the retention of nutrients in the river from mass balances and deducedits seasonal variation. We detected that about 30% of the total nitrogen input is retained within the surveyed river section.In contrast, phosphorus release from sediments was shown to cause a considerable increase in present P concentrations.Average net phosphorus release rates of about 20 mg P m−2 d−1 in late summer were estimated for the HavelLakes. Based on the observed patterns of N retention and P release we parametrized a newly developed water qualitysimulation program (TRAM), which allows alternative model approaches of different complexity to be implemented andtested. To account for the future trend of internal P loading, the phosphorus excess in lake sediments was estimatedfrom core samples and included in the model as a state variable. For analyzing scenarios of reduced nutrientemissisions, the water quality simulation program was linked to mesoscale hydrological catchment models forthe first time. From scenario simulations we conclude that internal P loading is likely to counteract effortsof emission control for decades. Even by significant reductions in external P loads, a persistent phosphoruslimitation of primary production can hardly be established in the analyzed time frame of 13 years. Though inthe short run a continued reduction in nitrogen loads appears to be the more promising approach of eutrophication management, we recommend enhanced efforts to diminish both N and P emissions.
机译：在欧洲水框架指令的背景下，我们研究了减少排放对低地河床系统（德国哈维尔河）中磷和氮浓度的可能影响。作为前提，我们从质量平衡中定量了河流中养分的保留量，并推断了季节变化。我们发现被调查的河段中保留了总氮输入的约30％，相反，沉积物中的磷释放导致当前P浓度显着增加，平均净磷释放率约为20 mg P m <估计夏末的HavelLakes的sup> -2 d -1 。基于观察到的氮保留和磷释放的模式，我们对新开发的水质模拟程序（TRAM）进行了参数设置，该程序允许实施和测试具有不同复杂性的替代模型方法。为了说明内部磷负荷的未来趋势，从岩心样本中估算了湖泊沉积物中的磷过量，并将其作为状态变量纳入模型中。为了分析减少营养物排放的情况，水质模拟程序首次与中尺度水文集水模型相联系。从情景模拟中我们可以得出结论，内部的磷负荷可能会抵消数十年来的排放控制努力。即使通过大量减少外部磷负荷，也很难在所分析的13年时间内确定持久的初级生产限磷。尽管从短期来看，持续减少氮负荷似乎是富营养化管理的更有希望的方法，但我们建议加大力度减少氮和磷的排放。

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