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Dynamics of resource production and utilisation in two-component biosphere-human and terrestrial carbon systems

机译:两部分生物圈-人类和陆地碳系统中资源生产和利用的动力学

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This paper analyses simple models for "production-utilisation"systems, reduced to two state variables forproducers and utilisers, respectively. Two modes are distinguished: in"harvester" systems the resource utilisation involves active seeking on thepart of the utilisers, while in "processor" systems, utilisers function aspassive material processors. An idealised model of biosphere-humaninteractions provides an example of a harvester system, and a model of plantand soil carbon dynamics exemplifies a processor system. The biosphere-humaninteraction model exhibits a number of features in accord with experience,including a tendency towards oscillatory behaviour which in somecircumstances results in limit cycles. The plant-soil carbon model is usedto study the effect of random forcing of production (for example by weatherand climate fluctuations), showing that with appropriate parameter choicesthe model can flip between active-biosphere and dormant-biosphere equilibriaunder the influence of random forcing. This externally-driven transitionbetween locally stable states is fundamentally different from Lorenzianchaos. A behavioural difference between two-component processor and harvestersystems is that harvester systems have a capacity for oscillatory behaviourwhile processor systems do not.
机译:本文分析了“生产-利用”系统的简单模型,分别将其简化为生产者和利用者的两个状态变量。区分两种模式:在“收割机”系统中,资源利用涉及部分利用者的主动寻找,而在“处理器”系统中,利用者充当被动物料处理器。生物圈与人类互动的理想化模型提供了一个收割机系统的示例,而植物和土壤碳动态模型则代表了一个处理器系统。生物圈-人机交互模型根据经验展示出许多特征,包括发生振荡行为的趋势,在某些情况下会导致极限循环。植物-土壤碳模型用于研究随机强迫生产的影响(例如由于天气和气候波动),表明通过适当的参数选择,该模型可以在随机强迫的影响下在活动生物圈和休眠生物圈平衡之间切换。局部稳定状态之间的这种外部驱动的转变从根本上不同于洛伦兹混沌。两组件处理器与收割机系统之间的行为差​​异在于收割机系统具有振荡行为的能力,而处理器系统则没有。

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