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Design flood hydrographs from the relationship between flood peak and volume

机译：根据洪峰与流量之间的关系设计洪水水位图

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摘要

Hydrological frequency analyses are usually focused on flood peaks. Floodvolumes and durations have not been studied as extensively, although thereare many practical situations, such as when designing a dam, in which thefull hydrograph is of interest. A flood hydrograph may be described by amultivariate function of the peak, volume and duration. Most standardbivariate and trivariate functions do not produce univariate three-parameterfunctions as marginal distributions, however, three-parameter functions arerequired to fit highly skewed data, such as flood peak and flood volumeseries. In this paper, the relationship between flood peak and hydrographvolume is analysed to overcome this problem. A Monte Carlo experiment wasconducted to generate an ensemble of hydrographs that maintain thestatistical properties of marginal distributions of the peaks, volumes anddurations. This ensemble can be applied to determine the Design FloodHydrograph (DFH) for a reservoir, which is not a unique hydrograph, butrather a curve in the peak-volume space. All hydrographs on that curve havethe same return period, which can be understood as the inverse of theprobability to exceed a certain water level in the reservoir in any givenyear. The procedure can also be applied to design the length of the spillwaycrest in terms of the risk of exceeding a given water level in thereservoir.
机译：水文频率分析通常集中在洪峰。尽管有许多实际情况，例如设计大坝时感兴趣的完整水位图，但洪水量和洪水持续时间尚未得到广泛的研究。洪水水位图可以通过峰值，流量和持续时间的多元函数来描述。大多数标准双变量和三变量函数不会产生单变量的三参数函数作为边际分布，但是，需要三参数函数来拟合高度偏斜的数据，例如洪水峰和洪水量系列。为了克服这一问题，本文分析了洪峰与水文体积之间的关系。进行了一次蒙特卡洛实验，以生成一组水文图，以保持峰，量和持续时间的边际分布的统计特性。该集合可用于确定水库的设计洪水水文图（DFH），它不是唯一的水文图，而是峰-峰空间中的曲线。该曲线上的所有水文曲线都具有相同的恢复期，这可以理解为在任何给定年份中超过水库中某个水位的概率的倒数。该程序还可以根据溢流池中超过给定水位的风险来设计溢洪道顶的长度。

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