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The Differences in Fat Accumulation and Distribution in Female Students According to their Level of Activity

机译：根据学生的活动水平，脂肪积累和分布的差异

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Purpose. The appropriate percentage of body fat is essential for women’s health and biological condition. Both accumulation of fat and distribution pattern of adipose tissue are connected with health risk, which justifies the investigation and permanent monitoring of their diversity in different sub-populations. The aim of the study was to evaluate the percentage of body fat and its distribution in female students representing different physical activity levels.Methods. Fat proportion was estimated with use of classic anthropometric method and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). The distribution of subcutaneous fat was calculated including waist and hip circumferences, and extremities and trunk skinfolds. The participants’ level of physical activity was determined according to the IPAQ questionnaire.Results. Analysis showed that female students with medium level of physical activity had 26.5 ± 5.1% of total body fat estimated by BIA, whereas in the most active females almost 3% lower total body fat values were common. The bioelectrical impedance analysis indicated about 8% higher body fat content than classic anthropometry. Examined skinfolds revealed a tendency to decrease with increasing physical activity. The distribution pattern of subcutaneous fat varied according to level of activity.Conclusions. The study showed that estimation of fat content in young women differed depending on the applied method and the level of physical activity. We emphasize the need to select adequate reference data for measurement methods and consider the level of physical activity during fat percentage assessment. Another conclusion is that the high level of physical activity is connected with masculinization of subcutaneous fat pattern, both in extremities/trunk fat proportion and waist/hip proportion.
机译：目的。适当比例的体内脂肪对于女性的健康和生物学状况至关重要。脂肪的积累和脂肪组织的分布方式都与健康风险有关，这证明了对不同亚群中其多样性进行调查和长期监测的合理性。这项研究的目的是评估代表不同体育活动水平的女学生体内脂肪的百分比及其分布。使用经典人体测量法和生物电阻抗分析（BIA）估算脂肪含量。计算了皮下脂肪的分布，包括腰围和臀围，四肢和躯干皮褶。根据IPAQ调查表确定参与者的体育锻炼水平。分析表明，体育锻炼中等水平的女学生的BIA估计其总脂肪为26.5±5.1％，而最活跃的女学生的总体脂值几乎降低了3％。生物电阻抗分析表明体内脂肪含量比传统人体测量法高约8％。检查的皮肤皱褶显示出随着体育锻炼增加而减少的趋势。皮下脂肪的分布模式根据活动水平而变化。研究表明，根据所采用的方法和体育锻炼的水平，年轻女性的脂肪含量估算值有所不同。我们强调需要为测量方法选择足够的参考数据，并在评估脂肪百分比时考虑体育锻炼的水平。另一个结论是，在四肢/大腿脂肪比例和腰部/臀部比例中，高水平的体育活动与皮下脂肪形态的男性化有关。

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