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Frequency and behavior of bees and other insects on cotton flowers

机译：蜜蜂和其他昆虫在棉花上的频率和行为

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摘要

This experiment was conducted at the Centro Universitario Moura Lacerda, Ribeiro Preto, SP, and aimed to study the frequency and behavior of insects visiting the flowers of cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) as well as the collection type (nectar and / or pollen) of insects on flowers. For this, the culture was observed in March 2010, the first ten minutes in each hour, from 6:00 am to 6:00 pm, with three replicates (different days). The insects found in cotton flowers were Africanized honey bees Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae; 36.7%), followed by stingless bees Exomalopsis sp. (Hymenoptera: Anthophoridae; 16.3%), beetles Astylus variegatus (Coleoptera), other Hymenoptera (11%), Hemiptera (9%), beetle Diabrotica speciosa (Coleoptera; 7.1%), wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae; 4.1%) and flies (Diptera; 3.3%). The Africanized honey bees visited the flowers mainly to collect pollen. When collecting nectar from flowers, this bee played the stamens carrying pollen from flower to flower characterizing it as an effective pollinator in cotton crop. Africanized honey bees preferred to collect pollen (63.0%) than nectar (37.0%) in these flowers. For pollen, these bees visited the flowers from 6:00 am to 1:00 pm, with a peak frequency between 8:00 am and 11:00 am. To collect nectar, these insects visited the flowers from 10:00 am to 6:00 pm, with a peak frequency between 1:00 pm and 2:00 pm. The Africanized honey bee, stingless bees Exomalopsis sp and beetles A. variegatus were considered pollinators effectives on cotton culture.
机译：此实验是在西班牙里贝罗普雷图（Ribeiro Preto）的中央大学莫拉（Laurada）中心进行的，旨在研究昆虫访问棉花花（Gossypium hirsutum L.）的频率和行为，以及采集类型（花蜜和/或花粉）。在花上的昆虫。为此，在2010年3月观察到了这种文化，即每小时的前十分钟，从上午6:00到下午6:00，重复了三遍（不同的日子）。棉花花中发现的昆虫是非洲蜜蜂蜜蜂（Hymenoptera：Apidae; 36.7％），其次是无刺蜜蜂Exomalopsis sp.。 （膜翅目：直翅目科; 16.3％），甲虫天蛾（Coleoptera），其他膜翅目（11％），半翅目（9％），甲虫Diabrotica speciosa（鞘翅目; 7.1％），黄蜂（膜翅目;脉翅目; 4.1％）和蝇（双翅目; 3.3％）。被非洲化的蜜蜂主要拜访花朵以收集花粉。从花中采集花蜜时，这只蜜蜂演奏着雄蕊，从花到花都带有花粉，这说明它是棉花作物中的有效传粉剂。在这些花朵中，非洲蜜蜂更喜欢收集花粉（63.0％），而不是花蜜（37.0％）。对于花粉，这些蜜蜂从6:00 am到1:00 pm参观了花朵，高峰频率在8:00 am和11:00 am之间。为了收集花蜜，这些昆虫从上午10:00到下午6:00参观了花朵，高峰时间在1:00 pm和2:00 pm之间。被认为是非洲化蜜蜂，无刺蜜蜂Exomalopsis sp和甲虫A. variegatus的传粉媒介对棉花栽培有效。

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