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首页> 外文期刊>Turkish Journal of Agriculture & Forestry >Alternative Treatments to Methyl Bromide in the Eastern Mediterranean Region of Turkey
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Alternative Treatments to Methyl Bromide in the Eastern Mediterranean Region of Turkey

机译：土耳其东地中海地区的甲基溴替代治疗

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This study aimed to establish the economic and technical applicability of the alternative control methods to methyl bromide (MB) in pepper and eggplant. These crops were grown in plastic houses and tunnels including open field strawberry cultivation in the East Mediterranean region of Turkey and were assessed over the 2000-2002 growing season. In addition the study using a pre and post questionnaire aimed to monitor the change in farmer practices who have adopted alternative techniques other than MB, and their understanding of the environmental concerns associated with MB such as ozone depletion. Experiments were conducted under farmer's field conditions, and solarization was combined with fresh cow manure, low dosage pesticides and/or antagonistic microorganisms. Effect of these treatments on soil-borne pathogens and nematodes were determined, and also yield.The results indicated solarization combined with dazomet at 400 kg ha-1 was just as effective as MB application to soil-borne diseases and nematode control in plastic-houses. In this treatment, yield was obtained as much as in MB treatments in eggplant, while pepper and strawberry yield was less. Yield was determined as 109 and 36 t ha-1 in fresh cow manure combined with solarization treatment, however it was 115 and 51 t ha-1 in MB in eggplant and strawberry, respectively. This application was preferred to the MB alternative due to its low cost applicability. Results obtained from the questionnaire indicated that 91% of the farmers were using MB in 2000, and this decreased to 66% by 2002. Farmers' awareness to the alternative applications to MB increasing from 3% to 13%, and that MB is an ozone depleting fumigant over the same period rose from 7% to 13%.
机译：这项研究旨在建立替代控制方法在胡椒和茄子中甲基溴（MB）的经济和技术适用性。这些农作物种植在塑料房屋和隧道中，包括在土耳其东地中海地区的露天草莓种植，并在2000-2002年的生长季节进行了评估。此外，该研究使用前后问卷调查的目的是监测采用甲基溴以外的替代技术的农民做法的变化，以及他们对与甲基溴相关的环境问题（例如臭氧消耗）的理解。在农民的田间条件下进行了实验，并将日光浴与新鲜的牛粪，低剂量农药和/或拮抗微生物相结合。确定了这些处理对土壤传播的病原体和线虫的影响并提高了产量。结果表明，在400 kg ha-1的日光照射与达唑麦特联合使用与MB在土壤传播疾病和塑料房线虫防治中的效果相同。 。在该处理中，获得的产量与在茄子中的MB处理一样多，而胡椒和草莓的产量则较低。结合日光处理，新鲜牛粪的产量被确定为109和36 t ha-1，但是茄子和草莓的MB分别为115和51 t ha-1。由于它的低成本适用性，因此该应用程序比MB替代方案更好。从调查表中获得的结果表明，2000年有91％的农民正在使用MB，到2002年，这一比例下降到66％。农民对MB替代应用的认识从3％增加到13％，并且MB是一种臭氧同期消耗的熏蒸剂从7％上升至13％。

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