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首页> 外文期刊>JMIR public health and surveillance. >Development of an Ecological Momentary Assessment Mobile App for a Low-Literacy, Mexican American Population to Collect Disordered Eating Behaviors
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Development of an Ecological Momentary Assessment Mobile App for a Low-Literacy, Mexican American Population to Collect Disordered Eating Behaviors

机译：针对低识字的墨西哥裔美国人的生态瞬间评估移动应用程序的开发，以收集饮食失调的行为

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Background: Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) is a popular method for understanding population health in which participants report their experiences while in naturally occurring contexts in order to increase the reliability and ecological validity of the collected data (as compared to retrospective recall). EMA studies, however, have relied primarily on text-based questionnaires, effectively eliminating low-literacy populations from the samples. Objective: To provide a case study of design of an EMA mobile app for a low-literacy population. In particular, we present the design process and final design of an EMA mobile app for low literate, Mexican American women to record unhealthy eating and weight control behaviors (UEWCBs). Methods: An iterative, user-centered design process was employed to develop the mobile app. An existing EMA protocol to measure UEWCBs in college-enrolled Mexican American women was used as the starting point for the application. The app utilizes an icon interface, with optional audio prompts, that is culturally sensitive and usable by a low-literacy population. A total of 41 women participated over the course of 4 phases of the design process, which included 2 interview and task-based phases (n=8, n=11), focus groups (n=15), and a 5-day, in situ deployment (n=7). Results: Participants’ mental models of UEWCBs differed substantially from prevailing definitions found in the literature, prompting a major reorganization of the app interface. Differences in health literacy and numeracy were better identified with the Newest Vital Sign tool, as compared with the Short Assessment of Health Literacy tool. Participants had difficulty imagining scenarios in the interviews to practice recording a specific UEWCB; instead, usability was best tested in situ. Participants were able to use the EMA mobile app over the course of 5 days to record UEWCBs. Conclusions: Results suggest that the iterative, user-centered design process was essential for designing the app to be made usable by the target population. Simply taking the protocol designed for a higher-literacy population and replacing words with icons and/or audio would have been unsuccessful with this population.
机译：背景：生态瞬时评估（EMA）是一种了解人群健康的流行方法，参与者在自然发生的情况下报告自己的经历，以提高所收集数据的可靠性和生态有效性（与回顾性召回相比）。然而，EMA研究主要依靠基于文本的问卷，有效地从样本中消除了低识字人群。目的：提供针对低识字人群的EMA移动应用程序设计的案例研究。特别是，我们为低文化程度的墨西哥裔墨西哥妇女介绍了EMA移动应用程序的设计过程和最终设计，以记录不健康的饮食和体重控制行为（UEWCB）。方法：采用了以用户为中心的迭代设计过程来开发移动应用程序。现有的EMA协议可用来测量已入大学的墨西哥裔美国妇女的UEWCB，以此作为该应用程序的起点。该应用程序使用图标界面以及可选的音频提示，该界面具有文化敏感性，可供低文化程度的人群使用。在设计过程的四个阶段中，共有41名妇女参加了该阶段，其中包括2个面试和基于任务的阶段（n = 8，n = 11），焦点小组（n = 15）和5天的时间，原位部署（n = 7）。结果：参与者的UEWCB思维模式与文献中的主流定义有很大不同，这促使应用程序界面进行了重大重组。与“健康素养的短期评估”工具相比，“最新生命体征”工具可以更好地识别健康素养和计算能力上的差异。参加者难以想象采访中的情景，以练习记录特定的UEWCB;相反，可用性最好在原地进行测试。参与者能够在5天的时间内使用EMA移动应用来记录UEWCB。结论：结果表明，以用户为中心的迭代设计过程对于设计可让目标人群使用的应用程序至关重要。仅采用针对较高文化程度人群的协议，并用图标和/或音频替换单词，对于该人群来说是不成功的。

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