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Taming Heat for Safe Lithium-Ion Batteries

机译：为安全的锂离子电池驯服热量

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Nowadays lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are widely adopted in portable devices, hybrid and electrical vehicles. The rechargeable Li-ion battery market was approximately $11.8 billion in 2010 and is expected to grow to $53.7 billion in 2020 [1]. With high energy density, Li-ion batteries will dominate the electric car industry within the next 5~10 years as auto makers strive to meet co, emission standards. However, conventional Li-ion batteries with liquid electrolyte can pose the problem of fire and/or explosion due to overheating and thermal runaway that is associated with the exothermic reactions at temperatures above 100°C. Although random explosions are not a widespread problem, in the past few years millions of Li-ion batteries were recalled by various manufacturers e.g. Sony [2], GM [3] due to the thermal safety concerns, which also led to the filing for bankruptcy of A123 Systems early this year [4]. As a result, the highest priority for manufacturers has been switched from the energy density and cost of Li-ion batteries to their thermal safety, reliability, and durability [5]. These issues strongly depend on whether heat generated inside an operating battery can be effectively rejected to the ambient. This article will address this critical aspect through briefly reviewing the fundamental problems of heat generation and transport inside a Li-ion battery.
机译：如今，锂离子（Li-ion）电池已广泛应用于便携式设备，混合动力汽车和电动汽车。锂离子充电电池市场在2010年约为118亿美元，预计到2020年将增长至537亿美元[1]。随着汽车制造商努力达到共同排放标准，锂离子电池具有高能量密度，它将在未来5到10年内主导电动汽车行业。然而，由于在高于100℃的温度下的放热反应而引起的过热和热失控，具有液体电解质的常规锂离子电池会引起着火和/或爆炸的问题。尽管随机爆炸不是普遍的问题，但在过去几年中，各种制造商召回了数百万个锂离子电池，例如索尼[2]，通用[3]出于热安全方面的考虑，也导致今年初A123 Systems申请破产[4]。结果，制造商的最高优先级已经从锂离子电池的能量密度和成本转移到了其热安全性，可靠性和耐用性上[5]。这些问题在很大程度上取决于能否有效地将工作电池内部产生的热量散发到周围环境中。本文将通过简要回顾锂离子电池内部热量产生和传输的基本问题来解决这一关键方面。

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