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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development >ADAPTATION PROCESSES IN AGRICULTURE VS. MARKET REQUIREMENTS AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PRINCIPLES
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ADAPTATION PROCESSES IN AGRICULTURE VS. MARKET REQUIREMENTS AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PRINCIPLES

机译：农业与农业的适应过程。市场要求和可持续发展原则

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This paper presents changes in the structure of the national economy in Poland, mainly in the post-war period, manifested through a dramatic decline in the share of agricul- ture in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and employment and a decrease in household food expenses. However, this does not represent a decline in the importance of agriculture, which is the first link in the food economy. As a result of tech- nical and biological progress, the level of intensity of agricul- tural production and land productivity increased, which made it possible to satisfy food needs. Given that, attention started to be paid to other agricultural functions related to the protec- tion of the environment, including landscape. The economic objectives of farmers striving to further increase the level of production intensity and farm area (market and production scale) started competing with environmental protection ob- jectives. The purpose of this paper is to present agricultural production systems that differ in the degree of accounting for measures related to environmental protection. To this end, the following farming systems were evaluated: conventional, or- ganic, integrated and precision farming systems, taking into account the principles of the Common Agricultural Policy. The systems assume a holistic approach to the organization of farms and the commitment to circular economy. These expec- tations are met to the greatest extent by the organic farming system. However, this system will not dominate due to exist- ing limitations (in knowledge and markets). It is the integrated farming system that should prevail, as it makes it possible to the greatest extent to meet the farmers’ economic and social objectives while addressing the environmental protection ob- jectives. Also, the fulfillment of environmental objectives by farmers gives legitimacy to supporting their activities from the state budget.
机译：本文介绍了波兰国民经济结构的变化，主要是在战后时期，表现为农业在国内生产总值（GDP）和就业中所占份额的急剧下降以及家庭食物的减少花费。但是，这并不意味着农业重要性的下降，而农业重要性是粮食经济中的第一环节。由于技术和生物的进步，农业生产强度和土地生产力的水平提高了，从而有可能满足粮食需求。鉴于此，人们开始关注与环境保护有关的其他农业功能，包括景观。努力进一步提高生产强度和农场面积（市场和生产规模）水平的农民的经济目标开始与环境保护目标竞争。本文的目的是介绍农业生产系统，这些系统在对与环境保护有关的措施的解释程度上有所不同。为此，对以下耕作制度进行了评估：传统，有机，综合和精确的耕作制度，同时考虑了共同农业政策的原则。该系统采用整体方法来组织农场并致力于循环经济。有机耕作制度最大程度地满足了这些期望。但是，由于存在局限性（在知识和市场上），该系统将无法控制。应该优先考虑的是综合农业体系，因为它可以最大程度地满足农民的经济和社会目标，同时解决环境保护目标。另外，农民实现环境目标使国家预算支持其活动合法化。

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