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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of athletic training >Selective Activation of Shoulder, Trunk, and Arm Muscles: A Comparative Analysis of Different Push-Up Variants
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Selective Activation of Shoulder, Trunk, and Arm Muscles: A Comparative Analysis of Different Push-Up Variants

机译：肩部，躯干和手臂肌肉的选择性激活：不同俯卧撑变体的比较分析

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Context: The push-up is a widely used exercise for upper limb strengthening that can be performed with many variants. A comprehensive analysis of muscle activation during the ascendant phase (AP) and descendant phase (DP) in different variants could be useful for trainers and rehabilitators. Objective: To obtain information on the effect of different push-up variants on the electromyography (EMG) of a large sample of upper limb muscles and to investigate the role of the trunk and abdomen muscles during the AP and DP. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: University laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: Eight healthy, young volunteers without a history of upper extremity or spine injury. Intervention(s): Participants performed a set of 10 repetitions for each push-up variant: standard, wide, narrow, forward (FP), and backward (BP). Surface EMG of 12 selected muscles and kinematics data were synchronously recorded to describe the AP and DP. Main Outcome Measure(s): Mean EMG activity of the following muscles was analyzed: serratus anterior, deltoideus anterior, erector spinae, latissimus dorsi, rectus abdominis, triceps brachii caput longus, triceps brachii caput lateralis, obliquus externus abdominis, pectoralis major sternal head, pectoralis major clavicular head, trapezius transversalis, and biceps brachii. Results: The triceps brachii and pectoralis major exhibited greater activation during the narrow-base variant. The highest activation of abdomen and back muscles was recorded for the FP and BP variants. The DP demonstrated the least electrical activity across all muscles, with less marked differences for the abdominal and erector spinae muscles because of their role as stabilizers. Conclusions: Based on these findings, we suggest the narrow-base variant to emphasize triceps and pectoralis activity and the BP variant for total upper body strength conditioning. The FP and BP variants should be implemented carefully in participants with low back pain because of the greater activation of abdominal and back muscles.
机译：背景：俯卧撑是上肢锻炼的一种广泛使用的锻炼方法，可以通过多种方式进行。在不同的变体中，对上升阶段（AP）和下降阶段（DP）期间的肌肉激活进行全面分析可能对培训师和康复者有用。目的：获得有关不同俯卧撑变体对大量上肢肌肉肌电图（EMG）的影响的信息，并研究躯干和腹部肌肉在AP和DP中的作用。设计：横断面研究。地点：大学实验室。患者或其他参与者：八名健康，年轻的志愿者，没有上肢或脊柱损伤的病史。干预：参与者对每个俯卧撑变体进行一组10次重复：标准，宽，窄，向前（FP）和向后（BP）。同步记录12种选定肌肉的表面肌电图和运动学数据，以描述AP和DP。主要观察指标：分析了以下肌肉的平均肌电活动：前锯肌，三角肌前肌，竖脊肌，背阔肌，腹直肌，肱三头肌腕长肌，肱三头肌肱头肌外侧肌，腹外斜肌，胸大肌，胸大肌锁骨头，斜方肌和肱二头肌。结果：肱三头肌和胸大肌在狭窄碱基变异中表现出更大的激活作用。 FP和BP变体的腹部和背部肌肉激活最高。 DP表现出在所有肌肉上的电活动最少，由于其作为稳定剂的作用，腹肌和竖脊肌的差异较小。结论：基于这些发现，我们建议采用窄底变异体来强调肱三头肌和胸大肌的活动，而BP变异体则是总体上体力量训练的基础。 FP和BP变量应在腰背痛患者中谨慎实施，因为腹部和背部肌肉的激活程度更高。

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