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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Botany >Structure and Stability of Cocoa Flowers and Their Response to Pollination
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Structure and Stability of Cocoa Flowers and Their Response to Pollination

机译：可可花的结构，稳定性及其对授粉的响应

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摘要

This study investigated the position of staminodes around the style of cocoa flowers and the stability of cocoa flowers relative to pollination and seasonality. Cocoa flowers were categorized into converging, ≤1.20 mm; parallel, 1.21–2.40 mm, and splay ≥2.41 mm, depending on the distance between the staminode and style. Some flowers were hand pollinated while others were not and were excluded from insect visitors. Proportions of flowers of converging (56.0%), parallel (37.5%), and splay (6.5%) remained similar along the vertical plane of cocoa trees. Although pollination rates of flowers with splay staminodes were the lowest, the overall pollination success of cocoa trees was not significantly affected because of the small proportion of splay flowers.The stability of the cocoa flowers depended on both the season and pollination. During the dry season, unpollinated flowers of cocoa trees showed a flower-stability ratio of 72% on the second day, while the flower-stability ratio was 94% in the wet season. Pollinated (senescent) flowers had a stability ratio of 95% after 5 days during the wet season, but all pollinated flowers dropped after 5 days in the dry season, indicating that seasonal factors, such as water stress, can have dramatic effects on cocoa yields.
机译：这项研究调查了可可花样式周围的退化雄蕊的位置以及可可花相对于授粉和季节的稳定性。可可花分类为会聚，≤1.20mm;平行，1.21–2.40mm，展开≥2.41mm，这取决于耐力钉和样式之间的距离。有些花朵是手工授粉的，而另一些则没有，因此被昆虫探访者排除在外。沿可可树的垂直平面，会聚的花（56.0％），平行的花（37.5％）和八字花（6.5％）的比例相似。尽管八角类花的花的授粉率最低，但是由于八角花的比例很小，可可树的总体授粉成功率没有受到显着影响。可可花的稳定性取决于季节和授粉。在干旱季节，可可树未授粉的花在第二天的花卉稳定性比率为72％，而在雨季的花卉稳定性比率为94％。授粉（衰老）花在雨季后5天的稳定性比率为95％，但所有授粉花在旱季5天后均下降，这表明季节性因素（如水分胁迫）会对可可产量产生显着影响。

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