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Current and emerging breast cancer biomarkers

机译:当前和新兴的乳腺癌生物标志物

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Breast cancer treatment has experienced several advancements in the past few decades with the discovery of specific predictive and prognostic biomarkers that make possible the application of individualized therapies. In addition to traditional prognostic factors of breast carcinoma, molecular biomarkers have played a significant role in tumor prediction and treatment. The most frequent genetic alterations of breast cancer are gained along chromosome 1q, 8q, 17q, 20q, and 11q and losses along 8p, 13q, 16q, 18q, and 11q. Interestingly, many of these chromosomal fragments harbor known proto oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes such as BRCA1, BRCA2, p53, HER2-neu, cyclin D1, and cyclin E, which are briefly described in this review.
机译:在过去的几十年中,随着特定的预测性和预后性生物标志物的发现,乳腺癌的治疗取得了几项进展,这使个体化疗法的应用成为可能。除了传统的乳腺癌预后因素外,分子生物标志物在肿瘤的预测和治疗中也起着重要的作用。乳腺癌最常见的遗传改变是从1q,8q,17q,20q和11q染色体获得的,而在8p,13q,16q,18q和11q的丢失则是遗传的。有趣的是,这些染色体片段中的许多片段都包含已知的原癌基因或抑癌基因,例如BRCA1,BRCA2,p53,HER2-neu,cyclin D1和cyclin E,在本综述中对此进行了简要介绍。

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