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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Clinical Medicine >Mammary Gland Involution Provides a Unique Model to Study the TGF-β Cancer Paradox
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Mammary Gland Involution Provides a Unique Model to Study the TGF-β Cancer Paradox

机译：乳腺退化提供了研究TGF-β癌症悖论的独特模型

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Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) signaling in cancer has been termed the “TGF-β paradox”, acting as both a tumor suppresser and promoter. The complexity of TGF-β signaling within the tumor is context dependent, and greatly impacted by cellular crosstalk between TGF-β responsive cells in the microenvironment including adjacent epithelial, endothelial, mesenchymal, and hematopoietic cells. Here we utilize normal, weaning-induced mammary gland involution as a tissue microenvironment model to study the complexity of TGF-β function. This article reviews facets of mammary gland involution that are TGF-β regulated, namely mammary epithelial cell death, immune activation, and extracellular matrix remodeling. We outline how distinct cellular responses and crosstalk between cell types during physiologically normal mammary gland involution contribute to simultaneous tumor suppressive and promotional microenvironments. We also highlight alternatives to direct TGF-β blocking anti-cancer therapies with an emphasis on eliciting concerted microenvironmental-mediated tumor suppression.
机译：癌症中的转化生长因子-β（TGF-β）信号转导被称为“TGF-β悖论”，既起着抑癌作用，又起着促进作用。肿瘤内TGF-β信号传导的复杂性取决于具体情况，并且受微环境中TGF-β响应细胞（包括相邻的上皮细胞，内皮细胞，间充质细胞和造血细胞）之间的细胞串扰的影响很大。在这里，我们利用正常的，断奶的乳腺退化作为组织微环境模型来研究TGF-β功能的复杂性。本文回顾了受TGF-β调节的乳腺退化的各个方面，即乳腺上皮细胞死亡，免疫激活和细胞外基质重塑。我们概述了生理上正常的乳腺退化过程中不同的细胞反应和细胞类型之间的串扰如何有助于同时抑制肿瘤和促进微环境的发展。我们还重点介绍了直接TGF-β阻断抗癌治疗的替代方法，重点是引发协同的微环境介导的肿瘤抑制作用。

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