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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Cotton Science >History of Cotton Breeding and Genetics at the University of Arkansas
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History of Cotton Breeding and Genetics at the University of Arkansas

机译：阿肯色大学的棉花育种和遗传史

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Cotton breeding research was initiated at the University of Arkansas (UA) in early 1900’s. Early work focused on evaluating cultivars and on making plant selections out of established cultivars. J.O. Ware who began breeding cotton in the early 1920’s studied the genetics and interrelationships of several cotton traits, and released several cultivars. In 1935, he became Senior Agronomist at the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Beltsville, MD, then returned to UA in 1950. Several breeders followed Ware at UA. L.M. Humphrey and Ware were responsible for a series of Rowden cultivars. From 1948 until 1986, UA maintained two cotton breeding programs, one on the main campus and the other at the Cotton Branch Station, Marianna, AR. The Marianna program, directed by C.A. Moosberg (1948-1972) and C.W. Smith (1974-1986), was responsible for the release of several Rex cultivars, two stripper cultivars, and Arkot 518. Based on the main campus, B.A. Waddle (1951-1986) continued some of Ware work, and focused on early maturity, seedling vigor, host plant resistance (including the Frego bract trait), and naked and tufted seed. J.McD. Stewart filled the position held by Waddle from 1986 until his death in 2012. His work primarily focused on germplasm exploration and introgression, and cotton biotechnology. In 1988, the two traditional breeding programs were merged into one campus-based program. The program was subsequently moved to the Northeast Research and Extension Center, Keiser, AR, in 1997. F.M. Bourland has led the program since 1988, and has been responsible for almost 100 germplasm and cultivar releases and has established methods for evaluating and selecting several cotton traits. The cotton breeding program at UA continues to develop well-adapted lines and concepts that promote profitable cotton production in Arkansas.
机译：1900年代初期，阿肯色大学（UA）开展了棉花育种研究。早期的工作重点是评估品种并从已建立的品种中进行植物选择。 J.O.在1920年代初期开始育种棉花的商品研究了几种棉花性状的遗传和相互关系，并释放了几个品种。 1935年，他成为马里兰州贝尔茨维尔的美国农业部（USDA）的高级农艺师，然后于1950年回到UA。几名育种者跟随Ware来到UA。汉弗莱（L.M. Humphrey）和韦尔（Ware）负责一系列Rowden品种。从1948年到1986年，UA维护了两个棉花育种计划，一个在主校园，另一个在阿拉巴马州玛丽安娜的Cotton Branch Station。由C.A.执导的Marianna计划Moosberg（1948-1972）和C.W. Smith（1974-1986）负责释放几个雷克斯品种，两个脱衣舞品种和Arkot 518。 Waddle（1951-1986）继续进行一些Ware工作，并将重点放在早期成熟，幼苗活力，寄主植物抗性（包括Frego act片性状）以及裸露和簇绒的种子上。麦克斯图尔特（Stewart）从1986年起担任沃德尔（Waddle）的职位，直到2012年去世。他的工作主要集中在种质探索和基因渗入以及棉花生物技术上。 1988年，这两个传统育种计划合并为一个校园计划。该程序随后于1997年移至阿肯色州Keiser的东北研究与扩展中心。自1988年以来，Bourland一直领导该计划，并负责近100种种质和品种的释放，并建立了评估和选择几种棉花性状的方法。 UA的棉花育种计划继续开发适应性强的品系和概念，以促进阿肯色州有利可图的棉花生产。

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