Large concrete caissons are widely used in civil and ocean engineering. It is very important to keep caissons penetrate evenly and safely in the launching process. It is necessary to establish a suitable mechanical model to predict the penetration depth in the excavation. In this paper, a general multiple degree mechanical model is derived. The relationship between the penetration depth and the excavation amount are obtained. The model predicts the relationship between the penetration depth and the excavation. The numerical results obtained by the model are compared with those measured at the construction site. The results prove that they are in good agreement with the measured data, suggesting that the present model can be effectively applied for engineering predictions.
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