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首页> 外文期刊>Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra >Proactive Approach in Detecting Elderly Subjects with Cognitive Decline in General Practitioners’ Practices
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Proactive Approach in Detecting Elderly Subjects with Cognitive Decline in General Practitioners’ Practices

机译：在全科医生实践中主动发现认知下降的老年人

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Background: Although cognitive decline is a common finding among the elderly and is considered a risk factor for developing dementia, it is rarely diagnosed by general practitioners (GPs). Aim: To evaluate cognitive function with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in asymptomatic subjects in daily GP practice and compare subjects who confirmed having cognitive problems with subjects who did not. Methods: 388 consecutive subjects >65 years of age who consulted their GP were interviewed and tested with MMSE and MoCA. Results: None of the study subjects spontaneously complained of cognitive or memory problems. 155 subjects (39.94%) confirmed having cognitive problems and 233 (60.05%) did not even when asked. The prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) was 18.30% (95% CI 14.36–22.04) and the prevalence of cognitive impairmento dementia (CIND) was 17.27% (95% CI 13.50–21.04). Delayed memory recall as a separate cognitive domain in MoCA was significantly worse in subjects with MCI (p = 0.00958) and in those with CIND (p = 0.0208). Conclusion: There is a significant number of patients in daily GP practices with unrecognized, but objectively verifiable, cognitive deficits who do not report having cognitive problems. They can be identified by assessment with MMSE and MoCA already in the GP practice.
机译：背景：尽管认知能力下降是老年人的常见发现，并且被认为是发展痴呆症的危险因素，但全科医生（GPs）很少对其进行诊断。目的：通过日常全科医生实践中的无症状受试者，通过最小精神状态考试（MMSE）和蒙特利尔认知评估（MoCA）评估认知功能，并将确认患有认知问题的受试者与未患精神病的受试者进行比较。方法：对388位年龄在65岁以上的，连续就诊于GP的受试者进行了访谈和MMSE和MoCA测试。结果：没有研究对象自发抱怨认知或记忆问题。 155名受试者（39.94％）确认有认知问题，而233名（60.05％）甚至没有被问到。轻度认知障碍（MCI）的患病率为18.30％（95％CI 14.36-22.04），认知障碍/无痴呆症（CIND）的患病率为17.27％（95％CI 13.50-21.04）。在MCA（p = 0.00958）和CIND（p = 0.0208）的受试者中，记忆回忆作为MoCA中的单独认知域的延迟显着更糟。结论：在每天的全科医生实践中，有相当多的患者未认识到但可客观验证的认知缺陷，但并未报告有认知问题。可以通过GP业已通过MMSE和MoCA进行评估来确定它们。

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