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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of genetics >A search for transmission ratio distortions in offspring from crosses between inbred mice
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A search for transmission ratio distortions in offspring from crosses between inbred mice

机译：寻找近交小鼠杂交后代的传输比畸变

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Equal transmission of the two alleles at a locus from a heterozygote parent to the offspring is rarely violated. Beside the differential embryonic mortality, nondisjunction and gene conversion that are rather irregular forms of transmissiona€“ratio distortion (TRD), there are two major forms of departure from Mendelian segregation. The first, found in females, based on the asymmetric nature of female meiosis, is usually referred to as meiotic drive, and has been well documented in a few cases. The second is segregation distortion found in males. There are several known male-related segregation distortion systems that are caused by different fertilizing capacity of sperm cells carrying alternative alleles at a particular locus. Observation of TRD effects requires a sufficient number of offspring produced by a parental pair. As individuals in a population most likely have different genotypes in TRD affecting loci, the total transmission ratio is close to the expected Mendelian ratio and masks potential TRD effects. Highly inbred strains of laboratory mice provide a very good model for studying this phenomenon, because comparing two mice strains is effectively similar as comparison of two individuals in a population. This study tests both forms of TRD in progeny of F1 hybrids from reciprocal crosses of inbred mice. Three previously unknown instances of TRD in females were observed. Therefore, this study concludes that some genes in females may carry alleles that can cause segregation distortion.
机译：从杂合子亲本到后代的两个等位基因在一个基因座上的均等传播很少受到侵犯。除了差异性的胚胎死亡率，非分离性和基因转化（这是不规则的传播比率变形（TRD）形式）外，还有两种主要形式背离孟德尔种族隔离。基于雌性减数分裂的不对称性质，第一次发现于雌性中，通常被称为减数分裂驱动，并且在少数情况下已得到充分证明。第二是男性中的偏析现象。有几种已知的男性相关的分离畸变系统，这些系统是由在特定位点携带替代等位基因的精子细胞的不同受精能力引起的。观察TRD效果需要父母对产生足够数量的后代。由于人群中的个体最有可能在TRD影响基因座中具有不同的基因型，因此总传播比率接近预期的孟德尔比率，并掩盖了潜在的TRD效应。高度自交系的实验室小鼠为研究这种现象提供了一个很好的模型，因为比较两种小鼠品系实际上与比较种群中的两个个体相似。这项研究测试了自交小鼠相互杂交的F1杂种子代的两种TRD形式。观察到女性中三个以前未知的TRD实例。因此，这项研究得出的结论是，雌性中的某些基因可能携带等位基因，这些等位基因可能导致分离畸变。

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