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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Ecology and The Natural Environment >Influence of early nitrogen application on physiological properties and ultrastructures of functional leaves of potatoes under drought stress
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Influence of early nitrogen application on physiological properties and ultrastructures of functional leaves of potatoes under drought stress

机译：早期施氮对干旱胁迫下马铃薯功能叶片生理特性和超微结构的影响

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The changes in physiological properties and leaf ultrastructures caused by early nitrogen application for potatoes under drought stress were explored. Potato variety Chuanyu117 was used to conduct a controlled experiment in a sand medium. Nutrient solution treatments (0.84, 1.26, 1.68 and 2.10) were administered, followed by severe drought, moderate drought, and normal (control) water treatments (45, 60, and 75% of soil saturation moisture capacity) in the seedling stage of potatoes. Early additional nitrogen application maintained chlorophyll content in potato leaves under drought stress and increased activities of protective enzymes in the plants. Severe and moderate drought stress treatments resulted in the smallest reductions in chlorophyll content compared with the control and largest increases in POD and CAT activities. Under the same water conditions, potato with high nitrogen treatment (1.68 g N L-1) had significantly higher net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (Tr), and intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) than other nitrogen treatment levels; the highest levels of these photosynthetic parameters were obtained under the normal water condition. As drought stress increased, the degree of damage to chloroplasts and mitochondria in potato leaves gradually increased and the number of starch grains increased; however, with increases in the nitrogen application level, the degree of damage to chloroplasts and mitochondria gradually decreased. Early additional nitrogen application had mitigative effects on the damage to cellular structures of potato leaves under drought stress and could improve gas exchange and increase absorption and utilization of light energy in potato leaves. Further, the adaptive capacity of photosynthetic structures in potato leaves increased, leading to greater drought resistance in potato. However, with increases in the nitrogen levels, drought resistance of potato showed an initially increasing trend that decreased subsequently, suggesting that over-application of nitrogen reduced drought resistance in potato.
机译：研究了干旱胁迫下马铃薯早期施氮引起的生理特性和叶片超微结构的变化。马铃薯品种Chuanyu117用于在沙质培养基中进行对照实验。在马铃薯的苗期进行了营养液处理（0.84、1.26、1.68和2.10），随后进行了严重干旱，中度干旱和正常（对照）水处理（土壤饱和水分容量的45％，60％和75％） 。在干旱胁迫下，早期额外施氮可保持马铃薯叶片中的叶绿素含量，并增加植物中保护酶的活性。与对照相比，重度和中度干旱胁迫处理导致叶绿素含量的减少最小，POD和CAT活性的增加最大。在相同的水条件下，高氮处理（1.68 g N L-1）的马铃薯的净光合速率（Pn），气孔导度（Gs），蒸腾速率（Tr）和细胞间CO2浓度（Ci）明显更高。氮处理水平;在正常的水分条件下获得了最高水平的这些光合参数。随着干旱胁迫的增加，马铃薯叶片对叶绿体和线粒体的破坏程度逐渐增加，淀粉粒数量增加。但是，随着施氮量的增加，对叶绿体和线粒体的破坏程度逐渐降低。早期额外施用氮肥对干旱胁迫下马铃薯叶片细胞结构的破坏具有缓解作用，并可以改善气体交换并增加马铃薯叶片中光能的吸收和利用。此外，马铃薯叶片中光合结构的适应能力增强，从而导致马铃薯具有更高的抗旱性。但是，随着氮含量的增加，马铃薯的抗旱性表现出最初的上升趋势，随后呈下降趋势，这表明氮素的过量施用降低了马铃薯的抗旱性。

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