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Nail Properties and Bone Health: A Review

机译：指甲特性与骨骼健康：综述

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Physicochemical properties of nail may offer valuable insight into the health of bone. Currently, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the gold standard technique for evaluating bone health through bone mineral density (BMD). However, only 70% of fractures are explained by low BMD according to DXA. Therefore, the World Health Organisation recommended the need for the development of alternative methods of assessing bone health. Keratin and collagen type I are major proteins in nail and bone, respectively. Both of these proteins undergo post-translational modifications, with a possible correlation between the degree of post-translational modifications in keratin and collagen. Raman spectroscopy is a technique used to detect changes in protein composition and structure. As changes in protein function and structure may be associated with the development of osteoporosis, Raman spectroscopy may be a valuable adjunct to assess bone health and fracture risk. This review critically evaluates various methods and techniques to identify the link between nail properties and bone health. The strengths and limitations of various studies and the potential use of nail protein and minerals to evaluate bone health have been also presented.
机译：指甲的理化特性可以提供有关骨骼健康的宝贵见解。当前，双能X线骨密度仪（DXA）是通过骨矿物质密度（BMD）评估骨骼健康的金标准技术。但是，根据DXA，只有70％的骨折是由低骨密度引起的。因此，世界卫生组织建议需要开发评估骨骼健康的替代方法。角蛋白和I型胶原分别是指甲和骨骼中的主要蛋白质。这两种蛋白都经过翻译后修饰，角蛋白和胶原蛋白的翻译后修饰程度之间可能存在相关性。拉曼光谱法是用于检测蛋白质组成和结构变化的技术。由于蛋白质功能和结构的变化可能与骨质疏松症的发生有关，因此拉曼光谱法可能是评估骨骼健康和骨折风险的有价值的辅助手段。本文对各种方法和技术进行了严格的评估，以鉴定指甲性能与骨骼健康之间的联系。还介绍了各种研究的优势和局限性，以及指甲蛋白和矿物质在评估骨骼健康方面的潜在用途。

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