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Archaeogeophysics–archaeological prospection – A mini review

机译:考古地球物理–考古勘探–小型回顾

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Geophysical methods have been used with increasing frequency in archaeology since 1946; aerial photography has been used since 1919. The geophysical methods that are most commonly used at present are electrical resistivity, magnetic, and ground penetrating radar. Magnetometry, particularly when used in a gradient mode or with a continuously recording base station, is used at almost all sites where any geophysical methods are used. Electromagnetic soil-conductivity systems are also being increasingly used because of their very high rate of data acquisition. Less commonly used methods include self-potential, microgravity, radiometric, thermal infrared imagery, and sonic or seismic techniques. Recent developments in image processing and graphic representation have contributed substantially to the archaeologist’s ability to do “rescue archaeology”, that is, to carry out high-speed, non-destructive reconnaissance surveys for ancient human cultural evidence in advance of modern industrial development.
机译:自1946年以来,地球物理方法在考古学中的使用频率越来越高。自1919年以来就开始使用航空摄影。目前最常用的地球物理方法是电阻率法,磁法和探地雷达。磁力计,尤其是在以梯度模式使用或与连续记录基站一起使用时,几乎在使用任何地球物理方法的所有地点都使用了磁力计。由于电磁土壤电导率系统的数据采集率很高,因此也越来越多地被使用。较不常用的方法包括自势,微重力,辐射测量,热红外成像以及声波或地震技术。图像处理和图形表示的最新发展极大地促进了考古学家进行“救援考古”的能力,即在现代工业发展之前对古代人类文化证据进行高速,非破坏性的勘测。

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