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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Integrated Pest Management >Genetically Engineered Bt Corn and Range Expansion of the Western Bean Cutworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the United States: A Response to Greenpeace Germany
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Genetically Engineered Bt Corn and Range Expansion of the Western Bean Cutworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the United States: A Response to Greenpeace Germany

机译：转基因的Bt玉米和美国西豆角虫（鳞翅目：夜蛾科）的范围扩展：对绿色和平德国的回应

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The western bean cutworm, Striacosta albicosta (Smith), is a pest of corn and dry beans in North America. Before the late 1990s, economic infestations of the insect were restricted mostly to the western Great Plains and Idaho. During 1999–2009, it greatly expanded its range and moved across the central and eastern regions of the Corn Belt, eventually reaching northeastern Atlantic coast states. Greenpeace Germany issued a 2010 report claiming that the dramatic range expansion of the western bean cutworm was due entirely to “pest replacement” that resulted from the adoption of genetically engineered Bt corn, which suppressed one pest species and allowed another species—the western bean cutworm, in this case—to take its place. We maintain that the scientific literature does not provide empirical field-collected data to support the Greenpeace Germany claim that Bt corn is the sole factor that influenced the range expansion of the western bean cutworm. We propose broader ecological and agronomic factors to explain why the western bean cutworm has recently expanded its geographic range to include all of the major corn-growing areas in the central and eastern United States. These additional factors may include insect biology, insect and corn phenology synchrony, reduced insecticide use, conservation tillage, soil type, glyphosate-resistant crops, insect genetics, insect pathogens, preexisting insect population densities, and climate change.
机译：西部豆角虫Striacosta albicosta（Smith）在北美是玉米和干豆的害虫。在1990年代后期之前，这种昆虫的经济侵扰主要局限于西部的大平原和爱达荷州。在1999年至2009年期间，它的范围大大扩大，遍及玉米带的中部和东部地区，最终到达了东北大西洋沿岸各州。德国绿色和平组织在2010年发布的一份报告中声称，西豆角虫的引人注目的范围扩大完全是由于采用转基因Bt玉米而导致的“害虫替代”，该基因抑制了一种害虫物种并允许了另一种物种-西豆角虫。 ，在这种情况下，取而代之。我们坚持认为，科学文献没有提供实地调查的经验数据来支持绿色和平组织德国的说法，即Bt玉米是影响西豆角虫范围扩展的唯一因素。我们提出了更广泛的生态学和农艺学因素，以解释为什么西豆角虫最近将其地理范围扩展到了美国中部和东部的所有主要玉米种植地区。这些其他因素可能包括昆虫生物学，昆虫和玉米物候同步，减少杀虫剂的使用，保护性耕作，土壤类型，抗草甘膦的作物，昆虫遗传学，昆虫病原体，先前存在的昆虫种群密度和气候变化。

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