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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Maize Research and Development >A review on important maize diseases and their management in Nepal
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A review on important maize diseases and their management in Nepal

机译：尼泊尔重要玉米病害及其防治研究综述

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In Nepal, maize ranks second after rice both in area and production. In recent years, maize area and production has shown a steady increase, but productivity has been low (2.46 t/ha). The major maize producing regions in Nepal are mid hill (72.85%), terai (17.36%) and high hill (9.79%) respectively. A literature review was carried out to explore major maize diseases and their management in Nepal. The omnipresent incidence of diseases at the pre harvest stage has been an important bottleneck in increasing production. Till now, a total of 78 (75 fungal and 3 bacterial) species are pathogenic to maize crop in Nepal. The major and economically important maize diseases reported are Gray leaf spot, Northern leaf blight, Southern leaf Blight, Banded leaf and sheath blight, Ear rot, Stalk rot, Head smut, Common rust, Downy mildew and Brown spot. Information on bacterial and virus diseases, nematodes and yield loss assessment is also given. Description of the major maize diseases, their causal organisms, distribution, time and intensity of disease incidence, symptoms, survival, spreads, environmental factors for disease development, yield losses and various disease management strategies corresponded to important maize diseases of Nepal are gathered and compiled thoroughly from the available publications. Concerted efforts of NARC commodity programs, divisions, ARS and RARS involving research on maize pathology and their important outcomes are mentioned. The use of disease management methods focused on host resistance has also been highlighted.
机译：在尼泊尔，无论是面积还是产量，玉米均仅次于水稻。近年来，玉米面积和产量均呈稳定增长态势，但生产率却很低（2.46吨/公顷）。尼泊尔的主要玉米产区分别是中丘（72.85％），特赖（17.36％）和高丘（9.79％）。进行了文献综述，以探讨尼泊尔的主要玉米疾病及其管理。收获前阶段无处不在的疾病发病率一直是增加产量的重要瓶颈。迄今为止，尼泊尔共有78种（75种真菌和3种细菌）对玉米作物具有致病性。报告的主要和经济上重要的玉米病是灰叶斑病，北叶枯病，南叶枯病，条带叶和鞘叶枯病，耳腐，茎杆腐烂，黑穗病，普通锈病，霜霉病和棕斑。还提供了有关细菌和病毒疾病，线虫和产量损失评估的信息。收集并汇编了主要玉米疾病的描述，其致病生物，分布，疾病发生的时间和强度，症状，生存，传播，疾病发展的环境因素，产量损失以及与尼泊尔重要玉米疾病相对应的各种疾病管理策略从可用出版物中彻底了解。提到了NARC商品计划，部门，ARS和RARS的共同努力，其中涉及玉米病理学及其重要成果的研究。还着重强调了针对宿主抗性的疾病管理方法的使用。

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