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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Maize Research and Development >Maize production in mid hills of Nepal: from food to feed security
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Maize production in mid hills of Nepal: from food to feed security

机译：尼泊尔中部山区的玉米生产：从粮食到饲料安全

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This study was undertaken in 2016 to analyze the production and utilization of maize in Nepal. Sixty maize growers from Kavre and Lamjung districts were selected using purposive, cluster and simple random sampling techniques. Similarly, six feed industries and five maize experts from Chitwan district were also interviewed. Study shows 56% of the total areas were used for maize production and 50% of the maize areas were covered by hybrid maize. There was no practice of contract maize production. The results revealed that 60%, 25% and 3% of the grain were used for animal feed, food and seed respectively in hill districts. Whereas the remaining amount of the maize (12%) was sold to the different buyers. The proportion of maize feed supply to different animals in the study area was varying. Result shows that at least 1.5 million tons of maize is required only to the feed industries affiliated with national feed industry association in Nepal. Similarly, out of total maize used in feed production, 87% of the maize was imported from India each year by feed industries. Analysis shows negative correlation between scale of feed production and use of domestic maize due to unavailability of required quantity of maize in time. The major pre-condition of feed industries for maize buying was moisture content which must be equal or less than 14%. Very little or no inert materials and physical injury, free from fungal attack and bigger size were also the criteria for maize buying. However, some of the feed industries were also thinking about protein and amino acid contents. Result shows 13% and 8.5% increasing demand of poultry feed and animal feed, respectively over the last five year in Nepal. Most likely, maize is known as a means of food security in Nepal, however, in the context of changing utilization patterns at the farm level and also tremendous increasing demand of maize at the industry level suggest to give more focus on development and dissemination of maize varieties that can contribute to the feed security issues as well.
机译：该研究于2016年进行，以分析尼泊尔玉米的生产和利用。使用有针对性的，整群的和简单的随机抽样技术，选出了来自卡夫尔和林戎地区的60个玉米种植者。同样，也采访了来自奇旺地区的六个饲料行业和五个玉米专家。研究表明，总面积的56％用于玉米生产，而杂交玉米覆盖了50％的玉米面积。没有合同玉米生产的做法。结果表明，丘陵地区分别将60％，25％和3％的谷物用于动物饲料，食物和种子。玉米的剩余量（12％）卖给了不同的买家。研究区域中不同动物的玉米饲料供应比例各不相同。结果表明，仅尼泊尔全国饲料工业协会所属的饲料工业至少需要150万吨玉米。同样，在饲料生产中使用的玉米总量中，每年饲料工业从印度进口的玉米占87％。分析表明，由于无法及时获得所需数量的玉米，饲料产量与家用玉米用量之间呈负相关。饲料行业购买玉米的主要前提条件是含水量必须等于或小于14％。很少或根本没有惰性材料和人身伤害，没有真菌的侵袭和较大的体积也是购买玉米的标准。但是，一些饲料行业也在考虑蛋白质和氨基酸含量。结果表明，过去五年来尼泊尔的家禽饲料和动物饲料需求分别增长了13％和8.5％。玉米最有可能在尼泊尔被视为一种粮食安全手段，但是，在农场一级利用模式改变的情况下，以及在行业一级对玉米的巨大需求增长的背景下，建议更加重视玉米的开发和传播品种也可能导致饲料安全问题。

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