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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Agricultural Science >Optimal Nitrogen Management Enhanced External Chemical Nitrogen Fertilizer Recovery and Minimized Losses in Soil-Tomato System
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Optimal Nitrogen Management Enhanced External Chemical Nitrogen Fertilizer Recovery and Minimized Losses in Soil-Tomato System

机译：最佳氮肥管理可提高土壤-番茄系统中外部化学氮肥的回收率并减少损失

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Excess chemical nitrogen (N) fertilization is widespread in intensive greenhouse vegetable production in China and has resulted in low recovery efficiency and high losses of chemical N fertilizer. Understanding the fate of chemical N fertilizer is crucial for best management of chemical N fertilizer. Using the technique of stable isotope 15 N-labeled urea, a micro-plot experiment was conducted to estimate the recovery of 15 N-labeled urea in tomato, residues in soil and losses in soil-tomato system. The treatments included the conventional N management with chemical N rate (1000 kg N/ha), named FP and optimal N management with chemical N rate (500 kg N/ha), combined with maize straw and drip irrigation, named OPT. Compared with the FP, total dry matter yield increased by 6.5%–9.3% for the OPT in the autumn-winter season (AW) and winter-spring seasons (WS), respectively. There was a significantly higher recovery efficiency (20.7%) of 15 N-labeled urea in the OPT compared to the FP (11.3%; P < 0.05). The amount of residual NO 3 - -N derived from 15 N-labeled urea was significantly higher in the FP than in the OPT ( P < 0.05). More inorganic N derived from 15 N-labeled urea was incorporated into the stable fraction of organic matter in the OPT and had a positive effect on reducing the N leaching with increased time during the season. The loss rate of N derived from 15 N-labeled urea was 46.8% in the FP, 25.8% greater than in the OPT. Optimal N management improved tomato yields, enhanced chemical N recovery efficiency, while minimizing losses in the soil-tomato system. It will be practical for maintaining the sustainability of greenhouse-based intensive vegetable systems.
机译：在中国密集的温室蔬菜生产中，化学氮肥的过量施用十分普遍，这导致了化学氮肥的低回收率和高损失。了解化学氮肥的命运对于化学氮肥的最佳管理至关重要。使用稳定同位素15 N标记的尿素技术，进行了微图实验，以评估番茄中15 N标记的尿素的回收率，土壤中的残留物以及土壤-番茄系统的损失。这些处理包括采用化学氮肥的常规氮管理（1000 kg N / ha）（称为FP）和采用化学氮肥的最佳氮管理（500 kg N / ha），结合玉米秸秆和滴灌（称为OPT）。与FP相比，OPT在秋冬季（AW）和冬春季（WS）的干物质总产量分别增加了6.5％至9.3％。与FP相比，OPT中15种N标记的尿素的回收效率（20.7 ％）显着更高（11.3 ％; P <0.05）。 FP中源自15 N标记尿素的残留NO 3--N含量显着高于OPT（P <0.05）。在OPT中，更多的源自15种N标记的尿素的无机N被掺入稳定的有机物部分中，并且随着季节的增加，对减少N的浸出具有积极作用。 FP中源自15种N标记尿素的N损失率为46.8％，比OPT大25.8％。最佳的氮管理措施提高了番茄的产量，提高了化学氮的回收效率，同时将土壤-番茄系统中的损失降至最低。对于维持温室密集型蔬菜系统的可持续性将是切实可行的。

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