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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Military and Strategic Studies >“Are we shooting?”- Strategic Communications Campaign in a Population-Centric Counterinsurgency.
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“Are we shooting?”- Strategic Communications Campaign in a Population-Centric Counterinsurgency.

机译：“我们在射击吗？”-以人口为中心的平叛运动中的战略传播运动。

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Come 2004, progress in pacifying Iraq following the American-led invasion was not as advanced as hoped. Despite the Iraqi army’s swift defeat, pockets of resistance remained within the country, which served as home-base to suspected Al-Qaeda members and ultimately contributed to prolonging the opening stages of the occupation. For eight months, the city of Al‐Fallujah in the strategic Sunni Triangle of Iraq, stymied progress in pacifying the country. It harbored the most sought-after insurgents and enabled the logistical operations needed to keep the insurgency afloat during the crucial stages of resistance. Two attempts were needed by American-led coalition forces, to seize the city. Between OP VIGILANT RESOLVE in April 2004 and OP PHANTOM FURY in November 2004 the U.S. Department of Defense was forced to modify its approach in the wake of a disastrous first attempt, enabling a more robust strategic communications plan. The inclusion of embedded journalists as a component of a Strategic Communications plan during OP PHANTOM FURY proved crucial to American victory, and heralded the arrival of fifth generation warfare. However, in order to do so, the Pentagon was brought to resolve its long-standing and complicated relationship with the mass media, and new media, by addressing issues of bias, and neutrality in war-time reporting and the faults inherent in their communications plan. The battles for Fallujah illustrate the role and effect of Strategic Communications and DoD media policy as part of Information Operations in a population‐centric counterinsurgency. By shaping perception end‐states - the dimension encompassing the target audiences’ opinions- through embedded journalists enhanced by new media in a Strategic Communications campaign, the U.S. provided the counter-narrative to that of the Iraqi insurgency, allowing the U.S. to maintain the credibility of its actions, and mission. Normal 0 false false false EN-US JA X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;mso-style-noshow:yes;mso-style-priority:99;mso-style-parent:"";mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;mso-para-margin:0in;mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-pagination:widow-orphan;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}
机译：2004年到来，以美国为首的入侵在安抚伊拉克方面取得的进展并不如希望的那样先进。尽管伊拉克军队迅速遭到击败，但该国内部仍然存在一些抵抗力量，这是可疑基地组织成员的基地，最终有助于延长占领的开始阶段。在八个月的时间里，伊拉克战略逊尼派三角洲的Al-Fallujah市阻碍了该国的和平发展。它藏有最抢手的叛乱分子，并进行了必要的后勤行动，以在抵抗的关键阶段保持叛乱分子的生存。美国领导的联军需要两次尝试来占领这座城市。在2004年4月的OP VIGILANT RESOLVE和2004年11月的OP PHANTOM FURY之间，美国国防部在一次灾难性的首次尝试之后被迫修改其方法，从而制定了更强大的战略沟通计划。在OP PHANTOM FURY期间，将嵌入式记者纳入战略传播计划的组成部分被证明对美国的胜利至关重要，并预示着第五代战争的到来。但是，为了做到这一点，五角大楼被带去解决其与大众媒体和新媒体的长期而复杂的关系，方法是解决战时报道中的偏见，中立及其传播中固有的缺陷。计划。费卢杰战役说明了战略传播和国防部媒体政策在以人口为中心的反叛活动中作为信息作战的一部分的作用和效果。通过在战略传播运动中通过新媒体加强嵌入的记者，塑造感知目标状态（包括目标受众的意见的维度），美国提供了与伊拉克叛乱相反的叙述，从而使美国得以保持信誉其行动和使命。正常0否否否EN-US JA X-NONE / *样式定义* / table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name：“ Table Normal”; mso-tstyle-rowband-size：0; mso-tstyle-colband-size ：0; mso-style-noshow：yes; mso-style-priority：99; mso-style-parent：“”; mso-padding-alt：0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin：0in; mso -para-margin-bottom：.0001pt; mso分页：寡妇孤儿;字体大小：12.0pt; font-family：“ Cambria”，“ serif”; mso-ascii-font-family：Cambria; mso-ascii -theme-font：minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family：Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font：minor-latin;}

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