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Leukocyte infiltration in experimental stroke

机译：实验性卒中中白细胞浸润

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Stroke is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. At present, the only available treatment is thrombolysis, which should be initiated no later than 4.5 hours after onset of symptoms. Several studies have shown that an attenuation of the inflammatory response in relation to stroke could widen the therapeutic window. However, the immune system has important functions following infarction, such as removal of dead cells and the subsequent astrocytosis as well as prevention of post-ischemic infection. Hence, detailed knowledge concerning the temporal profile of leukocyte infiltration is necessary in order to develop new and effective treatments. The purpose of this review is to determine the temporal profile of leukocyte (neutrophil granulocytes, macrophages and T-cells) infiltration following experimental stroke. We found that the number of neutrophil granulocytes peaks between day 1 and 3 after experimental stroke, with short occlusion times (30 and 60 minutes of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)) leading to a later peak in response (P <0.001). Macrophages/microglia were found to peak later than day 3 and stay in the infarcted area for longer time periods, whereas duration of occlusion had no influence on the temporal infiltration (P = 0.475). Studies on T-cell infiltration are few; however, a tendency towards infiltration peak at later time points (from day 4 onwards) was seen. This review provides a framework for the instigation of post-stroke anti-inflammatory treatment, which could prove beneficial and widen the therapeutic window compared to current treatment options.
机译：中风是全球主要的死亡原因之一。目前，唯一可用的治疗方法是溶栓，应在出现症状后4.5小时内开始溶栓。几项研究表明，与中风相关的炎症反应减弱可扩大治疗范围。然而，免疫系统在梗塞后具有重要功能，例如去除死细胞和随后的星形细胞增多以及预防缺血后感染。因此，关于白细胞浸润的时间分布的详细知识对于开发新的有效治疗方法是必要的。这篇综述的目的是确定实验性卒中后白细胞（嗜中性粒细胞，巨噬细胞和T细胞）浸润的时间分布。我们发现，实验性中风后第1天和第3天之间，中性粒细胞粒细胞的数量达到峰值，而阻塞时间短（大脑中动脉阻塞（MCAO）为30和60分钟）导致响应出现更高的峰值（P <0.001）。发现巨噬细胞/小胶质细胞在第3天后达到高峰，并在梗塞区域停留更长的时间，而阻塞的持续时间对时间浸润没有影响（P = 0.475）。关于T细胞浸润的研究很少。然而，在以后的时间点（从第4天开始），渗透率达到峰值。这篇综述为中风后抗炎治疗提供了框架，与当前的治疗方案相比，它可能被证明是有益的并且扩大了治疗范围。

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