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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Northwest Atlantic Fishery Science >Departures of 1996 Temperatures and Salinities in the Middle Atlantic Bight and Gulf of Maine from Historical Means
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Departures of 1996 Temperatures and Salinities in the Middle Atlantic Bight and Gulf of Maine from Historical Means

机译：从历史角度看1996年大西洋中部海岸线和缅因州湾的温度和盐度的变化。

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摘要

Monthly monitoring of surface and water column temperature, and surface salinity across the Middle Atlantic Bight and Gulf of Maine has been conducted since 1976 and 1978, respectively. Presented are the temporal and spatial patterns of these features in 1996 and their comparisons to mean patterns for the base period, 1978-92. Middle Atlantic Bight surface and bottom temperatures and surface salinities during 1996 were the lowest since the beginning of the base period. Annual, 1996, averaged surface temperature over the entire transect was 1.9°C lower than the base period mean; similarly averaged bottom temperature was -0.8°C cooler; and like averaged surface salinities was 1.17 PSU below that of the base period. In the more detailed time-space sense, Middle Atlantic Bight temperatures were significantly lower than average 1) over the mid- to outer shelf from February through April, 2) over the shelf and slope during July and August, 3) over the mid-shelf in October, and 4) well offshore in November. Negative departures of surface salinity occurred over the shelf throughout 1996 and after July over the entire transect reaching the Gulf Stream. Bottom temperatures were significantly below average on the mid-shelf during January, expanding inshore by April. Negative departures occurred over the outer shelf area during the early summer, and continued through most of the remainder of 1996. In the Gulf of Maine, annual, 1996 averaged surface temperature along the entire transect was 1.1°C below the baseline, and similarly averaged bottom temperature was 0.2°C above the mean. In the time-space sense, Gulf of Maine surface temperatures were significantly below the baseline from January through March in Massachusetts Bay, extending eastward to Crowell Basin in March. At this same time surface temperatures were as much as 4°C above average on the Scotian Shelf. From early July through September colder than average temperatures existed across the entire transect. Bottom temperatures were cooler than normal during January in Massachusetts Bay and in June through December on the Scotian Shelf. Starting in January over the central Gulf ledges warmer than average bottom temperatures were observed. Significant positive anomalies reached the Scotian Shelf in February, Massachusetts Bay by March and continued in the mid-Gulf until July.
机译：自1976年和1978年以来，分别对大西洋中部海岸线和缅因湾的地表和水柱温度以及地表盐度进行了每月监测。介绍了这些特征在1996年的时空格局及其与1978-92年基期平均格局的比较。自1996年以来，中大西洋大西洋地区的地表和底部温度以及地表盐度是自基期开始以来最低的。 1996年全年，整个样带的平均表面温度比基准时期的平均值低1.9°C;相似的平均底部温度为-0.8°C。同样，平均表面盐度比基准期低1.17 PSU。在更详细的时空意义上，中大西洋大陆架的温度明显低于平均水平1）2月至4月的中上至外层架空，2）7月和8月的层架和斜坡，3）十月的陆架和4）十一月的海上钻井。在整个1996年和整个7月以后，到达墨西哥湾流的整个断面都发生了盐度的负向偏移。 1月中旬的底部温度明显低于平均水平，到4月则向近海扩展。在初夏期间，在外陆架区域出现了负距平变化，并一直持续到1996年剩余的大部分时间。在缅因州湾，1996年全年整个样带的平均地表温度比基准线低1.1°C，并且同样地平均底部温度比平均值高0.2°C。从时空的角度来看，从1月至3月，在马萨诸塞州海湾，缅因州湾的地表温度明显低于基线，并在3月向东延伸至克洛韦尔盆地。同时，Scotian Shelf的地面温度比平均温度高出4°C。从7月初到9月，整个断面的气温都低于平均气温。 1月在马萨诸塞州海湾以及6月至12月在斯科蒂亚大陆架，底部温度比正常凉爽。从1月开始，在海湾中部的壁架开始观测到高于平均底部温度的温度。显着的正异常在2月到达马萨诸塞湾的斯科特陆架，并在3月到海湾中部一直持续到7月。

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