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A delayed action oscillator shared by the ENSO and QDO in the Indian ocean

机译：ENSO和QDO在印度洋共享的延迟动作振荡器

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The El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Quasi-Decadal Oscillation (QDO) observed in global climate variability during the 20th Century (Allan, 2000) dominated tropical Indian Ocean climate variability from 1993–2002. Both signals shared a delayed action oscillator (DAO) similar to that shared by corresponding signals in the tropical Pacific Ocean (White et al., 2003), intensified in the South Indian Ocean. Each signal was characterized by a short-lived east-west tropical dipole in sea level height (SLH) and sea surface temperature (SST) variability, with the warm SST phase in the western ocean transitioning to the cool phase in response to slow, westwardpropagating, upwelling coupled Rossby waves in the tropical South Indian Ocean. The cool phase in the eastern ocean transitioning to the warm phase in response to slow, eastward-propagating, downwelling equatorial coupled waves. At both boundaries, the simultaneous incidence of these coupled waves provides a delayed negative feedback to tropical SST variability, together producing a DAO that accounts for each signal, similar to those observed in the Pacific Ocean (White et al., 2003). This description allows us to construct a DAO model of the ENSO in the Indian Ocean that demonstrates how boundary reflections of the coupled waves, their intensification by wind stress forcing, and inherent delays in their propagation yield observed frequency and amplitude. Thus, warm SST variability in the western tropical Indian Ocean during 1995, 1998, and 2002 arose not from zonal atmospheric teleconnections originating with ENSO in the tropical Pacific Ocean, but from a DAO intrinsic to the tropical Indian Ocean that co-oscillated with that governing ENSO in the tropical Pacific Ocean.
机译：在20世纪全球气候变率中观测到的厄尔尼诺-南方涛动（ENSO）和准十年涛动（QDO）（Allan，2000）主导了1993-2002年印度洋热带气候的变化。这两个信号共享一个延迟动作振荡器（DAO），类似于热带太平洋中相应信号共享的延迟振荡器（White等人，2003），在南印度洋加剧。每个信号的特征是海平面高度（SLH）和海表温度（SST）变异性短暂的东西热带偶极子，响应缓慢，向西传播，西部海洋中的暖SST相转变为冷相。在热带南印度洋，上升流耦合了罗斯比海浪。响应于缓慢的，向东传播的，下行的赤道耦合波，东部海洋中的凉爽相转变为暖相。在两个边界处，这些耦合波的同时入射为热带海表温度的变化提供了延迟的负反馈，并共同产生了一个解释每个信号的DAO，类似于在太平洋中所观察到的（White等，2003）。此描述使我们能够构建印度洋ENSO的DAO模型，该模型演示了耦合波的边界反射，它们在风应力作用下的增强以及传播的固有延迟如何产生观察到的频率和振幅。因此，在1995、1998和2002年期间，热带印度洋西部的SST温暖变化不是源于ENSO起源于热带太平洋的纬向大气遥相关，而是源于热带印度洋固有的DAO并与其共同振荡。 ENSO位于热带太平洋。

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