Purpose: To evaluate the pattern of refractive errors among school children in Jhapa, Nepal. Methods: A cross-sectional study was designed to evaluate refractive status of 2236 school children in three government schools and a private school. A complete eye examination was carried out in all children including slit lamp examination, fundus examination, retinoscopy and subjective refraction. Chi-square test was performed to analyze incidence of refractive error in gender; age groups; type of schools. Results: Out of 2236 students, refractive error was present in 192 (8.58%). Unaided, presenting, and corrected visual acuity less than 6/12 (0.5) were present in 3.8%, 2.6%, and 0.2% respectively. After refractive correction, visual acuity was significantly improved (@g^2=81.3, df=3, p<0.01) to 6/6 in 98% students. Forty-five students (2.01%) were amblyopic. Refractive error was significantly prevalent (@g^2=3.707, df=1, p=0.05, ODD=1.3) in male (9.76%) than in female students (7.48%). refractive error was significantly high in private school than government schools (@g^2=6.7, df=1, p<0.01) Myopia was the most common type (44.79%) of refractive error. The myopia of 2-6 diopters was most common in 48.8%. Myopia was found to increase as age advanced. Hyperopia and astigmatism initially increased but later decreased with age. Conclusions: Refractive error was a significant problem in schoolchildren in Jhapa. Myopia was the most common refractive problem. Private schoolchildren had significantly higher refractive errors.
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机译：目的：评估尼泊尔贾帕（Jhapa）中小学生屈光不正的模式。方法：设计了一项横断面研究，以评估三所公立学校和一所私立学校中2236名学童的屈光状况。对所有儿童进行了完整的眼睛检查，包括裂隙灯检查，眼底检查，检影镜和主观验光。卡方检验用于分析性别屈光不正的发生率。年龄组;学校类型。结果：在2236名学生中，有192名（8.58％）存在屈光不正。小于6/12（0.5）的无助，呈现和矫正视力分别占3.8％，2.6％和0.2％。屈光矫正后，98％的学生的视力显着提高（@ g ^ 2 = 81.3，df = 3，p <0.01）至6/6。四十五名学生（2.01％）弱视。男性（9.76％）的屈光不正显着普遍（@ g ^ 2 = 3.707，df = 1，p = 0.05，ODD = 1.3）高于女性学生（7.48％）。私立学校的屈光不正比公立学校高（@ g ^ 2 = 6.7，df = 1，p <0.01）近视是屈光不正的最常见类型（44.79％）。 2-6屈光度的近视最常见，占48.8％。近视被发现随着年龄的增长而增加。远视和散光起初增加，但随着年龄的增长而减少。结论：屈光不正是贾帕州小学生的一个重要问题。近视是最常见的屈光问题。私立小学生的屈光不正明显更高。
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