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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Nursing Education and Practice >Health implications and management of women with opioid use disorder
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Health implications and management of women with opioid use disorder

机译：阿片类药物使用障碍妇女的健康影响和管理

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Opioid use disorder has risen to epidemic proportions in the United States at an alarming rate in the past decade and is considered a leading public health concern. Women have a higher rate of acute and chronic pain conditions and are more likely to be prescribed opioids for pain management. The disproportionate incidence of opioid use, misuse, and progression to heroin and injectable drug use among reproductive age women is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Of particular concern are the unique health risks opioid-dependent women face including immune system alterations, endocrinopathies, diminished fertility, psychosocial isolation, interpersonal violence, and unintentional overdose. Opioid use in pregnancy is associated with negative maternal and neonatal consequences and requires comprehensive, multidisciplinary services for the co-occurring medical, mental health, infectious disease, social stressors, and legal issues. Neonatal abstinence syndrome is linked to a cluster of physiological withdrawal symptoms and considered the primary adverse outcome of opioid exposure in newborns. Maternal medication-assisted treatment with methadone or buprenorphine to decrease the negative effects of neonatal withdrawal is the standard of care for opioid use disorders in pregnancy. The complexity of services required for maternal opioid use disorders requires collaborative and multidisciplinary management strategies to optimize maternal and neonatal outcomes.
机译：在过去十年中，阿片类药物使用障碍症在美国的流行率以惊人的速度上升，并且被认为是主要的公共卫生问题。妇女患有急性和慢性疼痛的比率较高，并且更有可能开处方使用阿片类药物来治疗疼痛。在育龄妇女中，阿片类药物使用，滥用，发展为海洛因和注射毒品的比例不成比例，这与发病率和死亡率增加有关。特别令人担忧的是阿片类药物依赖妇女面临的独特健康风险，包括免疫系统改变，内分泌病变，生育力下降，心理社会隔离，人际暴力和无意过量。在孕妇中使用阿片类药物会给母亲和新生儿带来负面影响，并且需要针对同时发生的医疗，心理健康，传染病，社会压力和法律问题进行全面，多学科的服务。新生儿戒酒综合症与一系列生理性戒断症状相关，被认为是新生儿阿片类药物暴露的主要不良后果。孕妇用美沙酮或丁丙诺啡进行药物辅助治疗以减少新生儿停药的不良反应是妊娠阿片类药物使用障碍的护理标准。孕妇阿片类药物使用障碍所需服务的复杂性需要协作和多学科的管理策略，以优化孕妇和新生儿的结局。

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