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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine >Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants in Ganta Afeshum District, Eastern Zone of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia
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Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants in Ganta Afeshum District, Eastern Zone of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia

机译：埃塞俄比亚北部提格里东部地区Ganta Afeshum区的药用植物民族植物学研究

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Starting from the ancient time, the people of Ethiopia use medicinal plants as traditional medicine to heal different human and livestock ailments. This ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants was carried out in Ganta Afeshum District, Eastern Zone of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia, to identify medicinal plant species used by the local community to treat various human and livestock ailments. A total of 78 informants (54 men and 24 women) were selected to collect ethnobotanical information from four study sites. Among the 78 informants, 20 key informants were selected purposefully; the other 58 informants were selected randomly by lottery method. Ethnobotanical data were collected using semi-structured interviews, field observations, guided field walks, and group discussions and were analyzed by preference ranking, paired comparison, direct matrix ranking, informant consensus factor, fidelity level (FL), use-value, independent samples t test, and Pearson correlation coefficients. A total of 173 medicinal plants were collected and identified that were distributed across 77 families and 156 genera. The family Fabaceae stood first by contributing 17 (9.8%) species followed by Lamiaceae and Solanaceae with 9 (5.2%) species each. Rhamnus prinoides was reported for the treatment of many of the described diseases. One hundred sixteen (67.1%) medicinal plant species were collected from natural vegetation, 34 (19.7) were from home gardens, 13 (7.5%) from farmland, and 10 (5.8%) were from natural vegetation and home gardens. The most widely used life form was herbs (69 species, 39.9%) followed by shrubs (58 species, 33.5%). The most commonly used part of the medicinal plants was the leaves followed by roots. The plants were prepared by grinding, powdering, squeezing, roasting, and burning and were administered through oral, dermal, nasal, anal, ocular, and vaginal, and on the surface of the teeth. The most commonly used applications were by drinking, smearing, eating, fumigation, and chewing. There was no difference between men and women informants, showing that the two sexes had similar knowledge in the use of traditional medicinal plants. Educational level and medicinal plant knowledge of informants were negatively correlated; whereas age and medicinal plant knowledge of informants were positively correlated. Ganta Afeshum District is relatively rich in diversity of medicinal plant resources accompanied with a rich indigenous knowledge within the local communities to harvest and effectively use to prevent different human and livestock ailments. However, nowadays, deforestation, agricultural expansion, overgrazing, drought, and overexploitation are threatening these properties. Therefore, people of the study area should apply complementary conservation approaches (in situ and ex situ) for sustainable use of these resources and to prevent species extinction.
机译：从远古时代开始，埃塞俄比亚人民就将药用植物作为传统药物来治愈人类和牲畜的各种疾病。这项药用植物的民族植物学研究是在埃塞俄比亚北部提格里东部地区的Ganta Afeshum区进行的，目的是确定当地社区用于治疗各种人类和牲畜疾病的药用植物物种。总共选择了78名线人（54名男性和24名女性）来收集来自四个研究地点的民族植物学信息。在78名线人中，有目的地选择了20名关键线人。另外58名线人通过抽签方式随机抽取。通过半结构化访谈，实地观察，指导性实地考察和小组讨论收集了人类植物学数据，并通过偏好等级，配对比较，直接矩阵等级，知情人士共识因子，保真度（FL），使用价值，独立样本进行了分析。 t检验和Pearson相关系数。总共收集并鉴定了173种药用植物，分布在77个科和156属中。豆科（Fabaceae）排名第一，贡献了17（9.8％）种，其次是唇形科和茄科，各有9（5.2％）种。据报道鼠李鼠李可用于治疗许多上述疾病。从天然植被中收集了一百十六种（67.1％）药用植物，从家庭花园中收集了34种（19.7），从农田中收集了13种（7.5％），从自然植被和家庭花园中收集了10种（5.8％）。最广泛使用的生命形式是草药（69种，39.9％），其次是灌木（58种，33.5％）。药用植物中最常用的部分是叶子，然后是根。通过研磨，粉化，挤压，烘烤和燃烧来制备植物，并通过口服，经皮，经鼻，经肛门，经眼和经阴道以及在牙齿表面施用。最常用的应用是通过饮酒，涂抹，进食，熏蒸和咀嚼。男性和女性告密者之间没有差异，表明两个性别在使用传统药用植物方面具有相似的知识。被调查者的教育程度与药用植物知识呈负相关。告密者的年龄与药用植物知识呈正相关。甘塔Afeshum区的药用植物资源相对丰富，并在当地社区中拥有丰富的本地知识，可以收获并有效地用于预防各种人类和牲畜疾病。但是，如今，森林砍伐，农业扩张，过度放牧，干旱和过度开发正威胁着这些特性。因此，研究区域的人们应采用互补的保护方法（原地和非原地）来可持续利用这些资源并防止物种灭绝。

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