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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine >Traditional knowledge on herbal drinks among indigenous communities in Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
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Traditional knowledge on herbal drinks among indigenous communities in Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan

机译：巴基斯坦阿扎德查mu和克什米尔土著社区有关草药饮料的传统知识

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Traditional knowledge about the use of medicinal plants for herbal drinks (HDs) is not well documented in the Azad Kashmir region despite their widespread use. This study highlights the taxonomic diversity and traditional knowledge on medicinal plants used for HDs while examining the diversity of diseases treated with HDs in the study area. Individual discussions were conducted with 255 informants (84 women and 171 men). Data gathered included (i) informant age and gender, (ii) HD species and respective plant parts used, (iii) health disorders treated, and (iv) mode of preparation and utilizations. Quantitative ethnobotanical indices including relative frequency of citation (RFC), informant consensus factor (ICF), and use value (UV) were used for data analyses. Altogether, 73 medicinal plants belonging to 40 families and 66 genera were reported to be used in HD preparations, with Asteraceae being the richest family. The average number of HD species cited was 9.09?±?0.17 per informant and did not vary either by age or gender. In addition, men and women, and adults and the young used the same pool of species (dissimilarity nearly zero). The most used plant parts were leaves (20.00%), roots (17.25%), and fruits (16.47%). Based on UV, the top five most used species were Valeriana jatamansi, Isodon rugosus, Onopordum acanthium, Acacia nilotica, and Viola canescens; and the UV was similar among gender and age categories too. The most utilized herbal preparation forms included decoctions, infusions, and tea. One hundred and eleven diseases grouped into 13 ailment categories were reported to be cured using HDs. The main category of disease treated with HDs was gastrointestinal (GIT) disorders (RFC?=?17.43%). Relatively few species were used by a large proportion of informants for each category of ailment (ICF?≥?0.60). Only one species was used for “glandular disorders” and “eye diseases” (ICF?=?1). A novelty of about 22% (16 species) was recorded for HD species in the present work. The diversity of medicinal plant species used as HDs and the associated traditional knowledge are of considerable value to the indigenous communities of the Azad Kashmir region. Therefore, there is a need for conservation and preservation of medicinal HD species as well as the wealth of indigenous knowledge. The conservation effort should be high for species in the ailments categories glandular disorders and eye diseases. The therapeutic uses of HDs have provided basic data for further research focused on phytochemical and pharmacological studies and conservation of the most important species.
机译：尽管在阿扎德克什米尔地区广泛使用草药，但尚未充分记录有关将草药植物用于饮料的传统知识。这项研究着重研究了用于HDs的药用植物的分类学多样性和传统知识，同时研究了该地区用HDs治疗的疾病的多样性。与255名线人（84名女性和171名男性）进行了单独讨论。收集的数据包括（i）信息提供者的年龄和性别，（ii）使用的HD物种和相应的植物部位，（iii）治疗的健康疾病，以及（iv）制备和利用方式。定量的人类植物学指标，包括相对引用频率（RFC），知情同意因子（ICF）和使用价值（UV）用于数据分析。据报道，总共有40个科和66属的73种药用植物被用于HD制剂，其中菊科是最丰富的科。每个被举报者所引用的高清物种的平均数量为9.09±0.17，并且无论年龄或性别均无变化。另外，男人和女人，成年人和年轻人都使用相同的物种库（相异性几乎为零）。最常使用的植物部位是叶子（占20.00％），根（占17.25％）和果实（占16.47％）。基于紫外线，使用最频繁的五个物种是缬草，I等，刺槐，尼古拉和中提琴。紫外线在性别和年龄类别中也相似。最常用的草药制剂形式包括汤剂，输液剂和茶。据报道，使用HD可以治愈113种疾病中的111种疾病。 HDs治疗的主要疾病是胃肠道（GIT）疾病（RFC？=？17.43％）。每种疾病的举报人使用的物种相对较少（ICF≥0.60）。只有一种物种被用于“腺体疾病”和“眼部疾病”（ICF？=？1）。在目前的工作中，HD物种的新颖性约为22％（16种）。用作人类发展的药用植物物种的多样性和相关的传统知识对阿扎德·克什米尔地区的土著社区具有重要价值。因此，需要保护和保存药用高清物种以及丰富的土著知识。对于疾病类别的腺体疾病和眼部疾病，物种的保护工作应投入大量精力。 HD的治疗用途为进一步的研究提供了基础数据，这些研究的重点是植物化学和药理研究以及最重要物种的保存。

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