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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine >Endangered edible orchids and vulnerable gatherers in the context of HIV/AIDS in the Southern Highlands of Tanzania
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Endangered edible orchids and vulnerable gatherers in the context of HIV/AIDS in the Southern Highlands of Tanzania

机译：艾滋病毒/艾滋病给坦桑尼亚南部高地带来的濒危食用兰花和脆弱的采集者

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Background Tanzania is a wild orchid biodiversity hotspot and has a high prevalence of HIV/AIDS. The wild orchids in the study are endemic and protected by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species. Every year, however, between 2.2 and 4.1 million orchid plants consumed in Zambia are estimated as originating from Tanzania. This research examines the differences between HIV/AIDS wild edible orchid gatherers and non-HIV/AIDS gatherers with regards to the frequency of gathering, salience in naming the various orchids, gathering knowledge acquisition and perceptions regarding the current state of abundance of the edible species. Methods Data was collected through interviews with 224 individuals in the Makete District of Tanzania close to the boarder of Zambia. Free-listings were conducted and Sutrup's Cultural Significance Index (CSI) constructed. The independent t-test was used to compare the differences in gathering frequencies between affected and non-affected gatherers. A multiple comparison of the 4 subgroups (affected adults and children, and non-affected adults and children) in gathering frequencies was done with a one way ANOVA test and its post hoc test. To examine the difference between affected and non-affected gatherers difference in source of gathering knowledge, a chi square test was run. Results Forty two vernacular names of gathered orchid species were mentioned corresponding to 7 botanical species belongs to genera Disa, Satyrium, Habenaria, Eulophia and Roeperocharis. Ninety-seven percent of HIV/AIDS affected households state that orchid gathering is their primary economic activity compared to non-HIV/AIDS affected households at 9.7 percent. The HIV/AIDS affected gathered significantly more often than the non-affected. AIDS orphans, however, gathered most frequently. Gatherers perceive a decreasing trend of abundance of 6 of the 7 species. Gathering activities were mainly performed in age based peer groups. The results revealed a significant difference between affected and non-affected individuals in terms of their source of gathering knowledge. Conclusions HIV/AIDS is related to increased reliance on the natural environment. This appears even more so for the most vulnerable, the AIDS orphaned children followed by HIV/AIDS widows.
机译：背景技术坦桑尼亚是野生兰花生物多样性的热点地区，艾滋病毒/艾滋病的流行率很高。研究中的野生兰花是地方性的，并受到《濒危物种国际贸易公约》的保护。但是，据估计，每年赞比亚消费的兰花植物中有220至410万种来自坦桑尼亚。这项研究调查了艾滋病毒/艾滋病野生食用兰花采集者和非艾滋病毒/艾滋病采集者之间的区别，包括采集频率，对各种兰花命名的显着性，采集知识获取和对食用物种当前丰富状态的看法。方法数据是通过采访接近赞比亚边界的坦桑尼亚马克特地区的224个人收集的。进行了免费列表，并建立了Sutrup的文化意义指数（CSI）。使用独立的t检验比较受影响和未受影响采集者之间采集频率的差异。使用单向方差分析及其事后检验对4个亚组（患病的成年人和儿童以及未患病的成年人和儿童）的采集频率进行了多次比较。为了检查受影响的收集者和未受影响的收集者之间在收集知识来源方面的差异，进行了卡方检验。结果提到了采集的兰花物种的42个本土名称，分别对应于Disa，Satyrium，Habenaria，Eulophia和Roeperocharis属的7个植物物种。受艾滋病毒/艾滋病影响的家庭中有97％的人表示，与未受艾滋病毒/艾滋病影响的家庭中的9.7％相比，兰花采摘是他们的主要经济活动。受感染的艾滋病毒/艾滋病的聚集率明显高于未受感染的艾滋病毒/艾滋病。然而，艾滋病孤儿聚集最频繁。采集者认为这7个物种中有6个物种的丰度呈下降趋势。聚会活动主要在基于年龄的同龄人小组中进行。结果表明，受影响者和未受影响者在收集知识的来源方面存在显着差异。结论HIV / AIDS与对自然环境的依赖性增加有关。对于最弱势的人群，尤其是艾滋病孤儿，其次是艾滋病毒/艾滋病寡妇。

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