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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry >Adolescent Self-Report of Emotional and Behavioral Problems: Interactions of Genetic Factors with Sex and Age
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Adolescent Self-Report of Emotional and Behavioral Problems: Interactions of Genetic Factors with Sex and Age

机译：青少年的情绪和行为问题自我报告：遗传因素与性别和年龄的相互作用

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Objective The aim of the current study was to investigate the sex and age effects on the mean levels and the genetic architecture of adolescent self-reported emotional and behavioral problems. Method Survey data on psychopathology as assessed by the Youth Self Report (YSR; Achenbach & Rescorla, 2001 ) were collected in a large sample of Dutch adolescent twins and their non-twin siblings (6381 twins and 1195 siblings from 3511 families) aged 12 to 20 years. Sex and age effects on the levels of emotional and behavioral problems and on the genetic architecture were investigated using genetic structural equation modeling. Results For all syndrome scales of the YSR (except for Aggressive Behavior) and for the broadband scales Internalizing and Externalizing sex-differences in mean levels were found. Females score higher than males on Internalizing problems and its subscales (Anxious/Depressed and Withdrawn/Depressed), while males score higher than females on Externalizing behavior and its subscale Rule-Breaking. Age-effects on mean levels vary in strength and direction by syndrome and sex. An increase in problems with increasing age was seen for Anxiety/Depressed, while a decrease was observed for Somatic Complaints, Aggressive Behavior, and Social and Thought Problems. Significant genotype interactions with age and with sex were found for most scales of the YSR. These effects vary in strength and direction, resulting in differences in genetic architecture between males and females and developmental changes in genetic architecture throughout adolescence. For example the heritability for Anxious/Depressed and Withdrawn/Depressed behavior increases and the heritability of Externalizing behavior decreases throughout adolescence. Conclusions Age and sex are found to be important moderators of both mean levels and the heritability of self-reported adolescent emotional and behavioral problems. Differences between adolescents in YSR syndrome and broadband scales are accounted for by genetic and non-shared environmental influences. We observed no influence of shared environment in this large sample. Clinical implications of the age and sex effects on the genetic architecture are discussed.
机译：目的本研究的目的是研究性别和年龄对青少年自我报告的情绪和行为问题的平均水平和遗传结构的影响。方法通过青年自我报告（YSR; Achenbach＆Rescorla，2001）评估的心理病理学调查数据收集于一大批荷兰青少年双胞胎及其非双胞胎兄弟姐妹（6381个双胞胎和3511个家庭的1195个兄弟姐妹）中，年龄在12岁至12岁之间。 20年。使用遗传结构方程模型研究了性别和年龄对情绪和行为问题的程度以及对遗传结构的影响。结果对于YSR的所有综合症量表（攻击行为除外）和宽带量表，均发现了平均水平内在性和外在性的性别差异。女性在“内在化”问题及其次级量表（焦虑/沮丧，孤僻/沮丧）上的得分高于男性，而男性在“内在化”行为及其次级量表违反规则方面的得分高于女性。平均年龄的年龄效应在强度和方向上因综合症和性别而异。随着年龄的增长，焦虑/抑郁的问题增加，而躯体投诉，攻击性行为以及社会和思想问题则下降。在大多数YSR规模中，发现与年龄和性别相关的显着基因型相互作用。这些作用在强度和方向上各不相同，导致男性和女性之间遗传结构的差异以及整个青春期遗传结构的发育变化。例如，在整个青春期，焦虑/抑郁和退缩/抑郁行为的遗传力增加，外在化行为的遗传力下降。结论发现年龄和性别是平均水平和自我报告的青少年情绪和行为问题遗传力的重要调节剂。青少年的YSR综合征和宽带量表之间的差异是由遗传和非共享环境影响造成的。在这个大样本中，我们没有发现共享环境的影响。讨论了年龄和性别对遗传结构的影响的临床意义。

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