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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the Canadian Health Libraries Association: Association des Bibliotheques de la Sante du Canada. Journal >National-Cultural Autonomy and 'Neutralism': Vladimir Medem's Marxist Analysis of the National Question, 1903-1920.
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National-Cultural Autonomy and 'Neutralism': Vladimir Medem's Marxist Analysis of the National Question, 1903-1920.

机译：民族文化自治与“中立主义”：弗拉基米尔·梅德姆对民族问题的马克思主义分析，1903-1920年。

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This article examines the views of Vladimir Medem (1879-1923) —a major leader and theorist of the Jewish Labour Bund in Tsarist Russia and, after 1918, in independent Poland— on the ‘national question’, as he presented them in internal discussions within the Bund and in his theoretical works. It demonstrates that Medem’s goal was not just to outline a political program for the Bund but to establish the foundations for a comprehensive theoretical analysis of the nation from a social democratic perspective. Strongly opposed to nationalism in all its manifestations, Medem put forward, as an alternative to the nation-state (demanded by all nationalist movements), a model of a ‘state of nationalities’ in which citizenship would be nationally neutral and granted equally to the members of all nationalities. At the same time, Medem proposed that the state must take an active role in protecting national minorities by granting each of them a national-cultural autonomy with a limited jurisdiction over cultural matters (and only those matters). Medem’s analysis of the national question and the Bund’s program of national-cultural autonomy (like the similar views formulated by Austro-Marxist theorists Karl Renner and Otto Bauer) deserve special attention, I argue; as a form of ‘multiculturalism avant la lettre’, they may offer insights relevant to today’s increasingly diverse and multicultural societies.
机译：本文考察了弗拉基米尔·梅德姆（Vladimir Medem（1879-1923），他是沙皇俄国以及1918年后在独立波兰的犹太人外滩的主要领导人和理论家）对“民族问题”的看法，他在内部讨论中提出了这些看法。在外滩及其理论著作中。它表明，梅德姆的目标不仅是为外滩制定一项政治计划，而且还为从社会民主角度对国家进行全面的理论分析奠定基础。梅德姆坚决反对民族主义的所有表现形式，提出了作为民族国家的替代品（所有民族主义运动都要求）的一种“民族状态”的模型，在这种模型中，公民身份在全国范围内是中立的，并平等地赋予了民族权利。所有民族的成员。同时，梅德姆（Medem）提出，国家必须在保护少数民族方面发挥积极作用，给予每个民族以民族文化自主权，对文化事务（并且仅对那些事务）具有有限的管辖权。我认为，梅德姆对民族问题的分析和外滩的民族文化自治计划（如奥马克思主义理论家卡尔·伦纳和奥托·鲍尔所提出的类似观点）应引起特别关注。作为“多元文化主义先锋派”的一种形式，它们可能提供与当今日益多样化和多元文化的社会有关的见解。

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