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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition >International Society of Sports Nutrition position stand: safety and efficacy of creatine supplementation in exercise, sport, and medicine
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International Society of Sports Nutrition position stand: safety and efficacy of creatine supplementation in exercise, sport, and medicine

机译：国际运动营养学会立场：在运动，运动和药物中补充肌酸的安全性和有效性

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Creatine is one of the most popular nutritional ergogenic aids for athletes. Studies have consistently shown that creatine supplementation increases intramuscular creatine concentrations which may help explain the observed improvements in high intensity exercise performance leading to greater training adaptations. In addition to athletic and exercise improvement, research has shown that creatine supplementation may enhance post-exercise recovery, injury prevention, thermoregulation, rehabilitation, and concussion and/or spinal cord neuroprotection. Additionally, a number of clinical applications of creatine supplementation have been studied involving neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., muscular dystrophy, Parkinson’s, Huntington’s disease), diabetes, osteoarthritis, fibromyalgia, aging, brain and heart ischemia, adolescent depression, and pregnancy. These studies provide a large body of evidence that creatine can not only improve exercise performance, but can play a role in preventing and/or reducing the severity of injury, enhancing rehabilitation from injuries, and helping athletes tolerate heavy training loads. Additionally, researchers have identified a number of potentially beneficial clinical uses of creatine supplementation. These studies show that short and long-term supplementation (up to 30?g/day for 5 years) is safe and well-tolerated in healthy individuals and in a number of patient populations ranging from infants to the elderly. Moreover, significant health benefits may be provided by ensuring habitual low dietary creatine ingestion (e.g., 3?g/day) throughout the lifespan. The purpose of this review is to provide an update to the current literature regarding the role and safety of creatine supplementation in exercise, sport, and medicine and to update the position stand of International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN).
机译：肌酸是最流行的运动员营养营养剂之一。研究一直表明，补充肌酸会增加肌内肌酸的浓度，这可能有助于解释所观察到的高强度运动表现的改善，从而导致更大的训练适应性。除了改善运动和运动之外，研究还表明补充肌酸可以增强运动后的康复，预防损伤，调节体温，康复以及脑震荡和/或脊髓神经保护。另外，已经研究了补充肌酸的许多临床应用，涉及神经退行性疾病（例如，肌肉营养不良，帕金森氏症，亨廷顿氏病），糖尿病，骨关节炎，纤维肌痛，衰老，脑和心脏缺血，青春期抑郁症和妊娠。这些研究提供了大量证据，证明肌酸不仅可以改善运动表现，而且可以在预防和/或减轻伤害的严重程度，增强受伤的康复能力以及帮助运动员承受沉重的训练负担中发挥作用。此外，研究人员已经确定了肌酸补充剂的许多潜在的有益临床用途。这些研究表明，短期和长期的补充（5年内每天最多补充30微克）对健康个体和从婴儿到老年人的许多患者人群都是安全且耐受性良好的。此外，通过在整个寿命中确保习惯性的低饮食肌酸摄入（例如每天3μg/天），可以提供显着的健康益处。这篇综述的目的是提供有关补充肌酸在运动，运动和医学中的作用和安全性的最新文献的最新信息，并更新国际运动营养学会（ISSN）的立场。

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