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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Water Resource and Protection >Increasing Water Use Efficiency in Husk Tomato (Physalis ixocarpa Brot) Production in Tabasco, Mexico with Improved Irrigation Water Management
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Increasing Water Use Efficiency in Husk Tomato (Physalis ixocarpa Brot) Production in Tabasco, Mexico with Improved Irrigation Water Management

机译：通过改善灌溉水管理，提高墨西哥塔巴斯科州果皮番茄（酸浆o）的生产用水效率

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Husk tomato production technology was developed utilizing plastic sheeting and drip irrigation based on the results of reference evapotranspiration and crop coefficients (Kc) proposed at different phenological stages. The objectives of this study were as follows: 1) to evaluate the effect of plastic sheeting on the yield of husk tomato fruit with drip irrigation based on crop evapotranspiration; 2) to validate the use of drip irrigation technology and plastic sheeting in husk tomato production using demonstration plots; and 3) to determine the profitability and economic viability of the product in the domestic market. The proposed Kc values were 0.25, 0.71 and 0.56 in the initial, intermediate and final stage of crop development, respectively. Irrigation rates ranged from 2.5 to 6 mm·day-1, which was equivalent to an irrigation time of 0.6 to 2.5 hr. Soil moisture tension was monitored with tensiometers at depths of 15 and 30 cm in a loamy eutricfluvisol. The use of plastic sheeting increased husk tomato yield by 56.2% and water productivity by 63.5% under drip irrigation conditions when basing irrigation levels on crop evapotranspiration. Soil matrix potential varied between depths of 15 and 30 cm based on irrigation or rainfall amounts and the use of plastic sheeting with values being higher when the plastic sheeting was used. The husk tomato fruit yield in validation plots was 46 and 54.6 t·ha-1 with water use efficiencies ranging from 16.1 to 19.1 kg·m-3. These results exceeded the national average of 14 t·ha-1 and water use efficiency of 2.54 kg·m-3. With this new technology, a cost benefit ratio of 3.6 is obtained, which represents an economically profitable margin for farmers in the region.
机译：基于不同蒸发阶段的参考蒸散量和作物系数（Kc）的结果，利用塑料薄膜和滴灌技术开发了果壳番茄生产技术。这项研究的目的如下：1）基于作物的蒸散量，通过滴灌评估塑料薄膜对果壳番茄果实产量的影响; 2）通过示范区验证在果壳番茄生产中使用滴灌技术和塑料布的情况; 3）确定产品在国内市场的盈利能力和经济可行性。在作物生长的初期，中期和最后阶段，拟议的Kc值分别为0.25、0.71和0.56。灌溉速度为2.5到6 mm·day-1，相当于0.6到2.5 hr的灌溉时间。用张力计在肥沃的氟尿酚中监测土壤湿度，深度为15和30 cm。在滴灌条件下，根据作物的蒸散量，使用塑料布可以使果壳番茄的产量提高56.2％，水分生产率提高63.5％。土壤基质势在15到30 cm的深度之间变化，具体取决于灌溉或降雨量以及使用塑料片的情况，当使用塑料片时，其值会更高。验证区的壳番茄果实产量为46和54.6 t·ha-1，用水效率为16.1至19.1 kg·m-3。这些结果超过了全国平均水平14 t·ha-1和用水效率2.54 kg·m-3。使用这项新技术，成本效益比为3.6，对于该地区的农民而言，这是一笔经济可观的利润。

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