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首页> 外文期刊>BMC Genomics >Complete genome sequence of a novel extrachromosomal virus-like element identified in planarian Girardia tigrina
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Complete genome sequence of a novel extrachromosomal virus-like element identified in planarian Girardia tigrina

机译：在涡虫Girardia tigrina中鉴定的新型染色体外病毒样元件的完整基因组序列

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Background Freshwater planarians are widely used as models for investigation of pattern formation and studies on genetic variation in populations. Despite extensive information on the biology and genetics of planaria, the occurrence and distribution of viruses in these animals remains an unexplored area of research. Results Using a combination of Suppression Subtractive Hybridization (SSH) and Mirror Orientation Selection (MOS), we compared the genomes of two strains of freshwater planarian, Girardia tigrina. The novel extrachromosomal DNA-containing virus-like element denoted PEVE (Planarian Extrachromosomal Virus-like Element) was identified in one planarian strain. The PEVE genome (about 7.5 kb) consists of two unique regions (Ul and Us) flanked by inverted repeats. Sequence analyses reveal that PEVE comprises two helicase-like sequences in the genome, of which the first is a homolog of a circoviral replication initiator protein (Rep), and the second is similar to the papillomavirus E1 helicase domain. PEVE genome exists in at least two variant forms with different arrangements of single-stranded and double-stranded DNA stretches that correspond to the Us and Ul regions. Using PCR analysis and whole-mount in situ hybridization, we characterized PEVE distribution and expression in the planarian body. Conclusions PEVE is the first viral element identified in free-living flatworms. This element differs from all known viruses and viral elements, and comprises two potential helicases that are homologous to proteins from distant viral phyla. PEVE is unevenly distributed in the worm body, and is detected in specific parenchyma cells.
机译：背景技术淡水浮游动物被广泛用作模式研究和种群遗传变异研究的模型。尽管有关于平面虫的生物学和遗传学的广泛信息，但是在这些动物中病毒的发生和分布仍是一个尚未研究的领域。结果我们使用抑制消减杂交（SSH）和镜像定向选择（MOS）的组合，我们比较了两种淡水涡planar，Girardia tigrina的菌株的基因组。在一种平面虫菌株中鉴定出了新颖的含染色体外DNA的病毒样元件，称为PEVE（Planarian染色体外病毒样元件）。 PEVE基因组（约7.5kb）由两个独特的区域（U1和Us）组成，两侧是反向重复。序列分析显示，PEVE在基因组中包含两个解旋酶样序列，第一个是环病毒复制起始蛋白（Rep）的同源物，第二个类似于乳头瘤病毒E1解旋酶结构域。 PEVE基因组以至少两种变体形式存在，具有对应于Us和U1区的单链和双链DNA延伸的不同排列。使用PCR分析和整个原位杂交，我们表征了PEVE在平面体内的分布和表达。结论PEVE是在自由生存的扁虫中发现的第一个病毒成分。该元件不同于所有已知的病毒和病毒元件，并且包含与来自遥远的病毒门的蛋白质同源的两种潜在的解旋酶。 PEVE在蠕虫体内分布不均，并在特定的实质细胞中被检测到。

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