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首页> 外文期刊>BMC Genomics >Comparative genomics shows that viral integrations are abundant and express piRNAs in the arboviral vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus
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Comparative genomics shows that viral integrations are abundant and express piRNAs in the arboviral vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus

机译：比较基因组学表明，病毒整合非常丰富，并在虫媒载体埃及伊蚊和白纹伊蚊中表达了piRNA。

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Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) transmitted by mosquito vectors cause many important emerging or resurging infectious diseases in humans including dengue, chikungunya and Zika. Understanding the co-evolutionary processes among viruses and vectors is essential for the development of novel transmission-blocking strategies. Episomal viral DNA fragments are produced from arboviral RNA upon infection of mosquito cells and adults. Additionally, sequences from insect-specific viruses and arboviruses have been found integrated into mosquito genomes. We used a bioinformatic approach to analyse the presence, abundance, distribution, and transcriptional activity of integrations from 425 non-retroviral viruses, including 133 arboviruses, across the presently available 22 mosquito genome sequences. Large differences in abundance and types of viral integrations were observed in mosquito species from the same region. Viral integrations are unexpectedly abundant in the arboviral vector species Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus, in which they are approximately ~10-fold more abundant than in other mosquito species analysed. Additionally, viral integrations are enriched in piRNA clusters of both the Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus genomes and, accordingly, they express piRNAs, but not siRNAs. Differences in the number of viral integrations in the genomes of mosquito species from the same geographic area support the conclusion that integrations of viral sequences is not dependent on viral exposure, but that lineage-specific interactions exist. Viral integrations are abundant in Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus, and represent a thus far underappreciated component of their genomes. Additionally, the genome locations of viral integrations and their production of piRNAs indicate a functional link between viral integrations and the piRNA pathway. These results greatly expand the breadth and complexity of small RNA-mediated regulation and suggest a role for viral integrations in antiviral defense in these two mosquito species.
机译：蚊媒传播的节肢动物传播的病毒（虫媒病毒）导致登革热，基孔肯雅热和寨卡病毒等多种人类重要的新兴或流行传染病。了解病毒和载体之间的共同进化过程对于开发新型的传播阻断策略至关重要。在感染蚊子细胞和成虫后，病毒基因组RNA产生了附加型病毒DNA片段。另外，已经发现来自昆虫特异性病毒和虫媒病毒的序列已整合到蚊子基因组中。我们使用了一种生物信息学方法来分析目前可用的22个蚊子基因组序列中425种非逆转录病毒（包括133种虫媒病毒）整合的存在，丰度，分布和转录活性。在同一地区的蚊子物种中，观察到丰度和病毒整合类型的巨大差异。病毒载体物种埃及伊蚊和埃及伊蚊中的病毒整合异常丰富。白化病，比其他蚊子物种丰富约10倍。另外，病毒整合富集于两个Ae的piRNA簇中。埃及和埃及。 albopictus基因组，因此它们表达piRNA，但不表达siRNA。来自同一地理区域的蚊子物种基因组中病毒整合数量的差异支持以下结论：病毒序列整合不依赖于病毒暴露，但存在沿袭特异性相互作用。 Ae中病毒的整合丰富。埃及和埃及。白化病，并代表了迄今为止他们基因组中未被充分认识的组成部分。另外，病毒整合的基因组位置及其产生的piRNA指示了病毒整合与piRNA途径之间的功能联系。这些结果大大扩展了小RNA介导的调控的广度和复杂性，并暗示了病毒整合在这两个蚊子的抗病毒防御中的作用。

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