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首页> 外文期刊>BMJ Open >The difficulty of professional continuation among female doctors in Japan: a qualitative study of alumnae of 13 medical schools in Japan
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The difficulty of professional continuation among female doctors in Japan: a qualitative study of alumnae of 13 medical schools in Japan

机译：日本女医生继续职业的困难：对日本13所医学院校毕业生的定性研究

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Objectives To investigate the difficulties Japanese female doctors face in continuing professional practice. Design A qualitative study using the Kawakita Jiro method. Setting A survey conducted in 2011 of 13 private Japanese medical school alumni associations. Participants 359 female doctors. Primary outcome measures Barriers of balancing work and gender role. Results The female doctors reported that professional practice was a struggle with long working hours due to a current shortage of doctors in Japan. There was also a severe shortage of childcare facilities in the workplace. Some women appeared to have low confidence in balancing the physician's job and personal life, resulting in low levels of professional pursuit. There appeared to be two types of stereotypical gender roles, including one expected from society, stating that “child rearing is a woman's job”, and the other perceived by the women themselves, that some women had a very strong desire to raise their own children. Male doctors and some female doctors who were single or older were perceived to be less enthusiastic about supporting women who worked while raising children because these coworkers feared that they would have to perform additional work as a result of the women taking long periods of leave. Conclusions Important factors identified for promoting the continuation of professional practice among female doctors in Japan were the need to improve working conditions, including cutting back on long working hours, a solution to the shortage of nurseries, a need for the introduction of educational interventions to clarify professional responsibilities, and redefinition of the gender division of labour for male and female doctors. In addition, we identified a need to modernise current employment practices by introducing temporary posts to cover maternity leave and introducing flexible working hours during specialist training, thus supporting and encouraging more women to continue their medical careers.
机译：目的调查日本女医生在持续专业实践中面临的困难。设计使用Kawakita Jiro方法进行定性研究。设定2011年对13个日本私立医学院校友会进行的调查。参与者359位女医生。主要成果衡量指标平衡工作和性别角色的障碍。结果女医生报告说，由于日本目前医生短缺，专业实践是长时间工作的挣扎。工作场所的托儿设施也严重短缺。一些女性似乎对平衡医师的工作和个人生活信心不足，导致职业追求水平低下。性别刻板印象似乎有两种类型，一种是社会期望的，指出“养育子女是妇女的工作”，另一种是妇女自己认为的，有些妇女强烈希望养育自己的子女。人们认为单身或以上的男医生和一些女医生不太愿意支持抚养孩子的妇女，因为这些同事担心由于妇女请假长，她们将不得不做额外的工作。结论在日本，促进女医生继续专业执业的重要因素是需要改善工作条件，包括减少工作时间，解决托儿所短缺的问题，需要采取教育干预措施以澄清专业职责，并重新定义男女医生的性别分工。此外，我们发现有必要通过引入临时职位以支付产假并在专家培训期间引入灵活的工作时间来现代化当前的雇佣做法，从而支持和鼓励更多的妇女继续其医疗职业。

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