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首页> 外文期刊>Applied and Environmental Microbiology >Phylogenetic Diversities and Community Structure of Members of the Extremely Halophilic Archaea (Order Halobacteriales) in Multiple Saline Sediment Habitats
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Phylogenetic Diversities and Community Structure of Members of the Extremely Halophilic Archaea (Order Halobacteriales) in Multiple Saline Sediment Habitats

机译：多盐碱生境中极端嗜盐古生菌（嗜盐细菌）成员的系统发育多样性和群落结构

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We investigated the phylogenetic diversity and community structure of members of the halophilic Archaea (order Halobacteriales) in five distinct sediment habitats that experience various levels of salinity and salinity fluctuations (sediments from Great Salt Plains and Zodletone Spring in Oklahoma, mangrove tree sediments in Puerto Rico, sediment underneath salt heaps in a salt-processing plant, and sediments from the Great Salt Lake northern arm) using Halobacteriales-specific 16S rRNA gene primers. Extremely diverse Halobacteriales communities were encountered in all habitats, with 27 (Zodletone) to 37 (mangrove) different genera identified per sample, out of the currently described 38 Halobacteriales genera. With the exception of Zodletone Spring, where the prevalent geochemical conditions are extremely inhospitable to Halobacteriales survival, habitats with fluctuating salinity levels were more diverse than permanently saline habitats. Sequences affiliated with the recently described genera Halogranum, Halolamina, Haloplanus, Halosarcina, and Halorientalis, in addition to the genera Halorubrum, Haloferax, and Halobacterium, were among the most abundant and ubiquitous genera, suggesting a wide distribution of these poorly studied genera in saline sediments. The Halobacteriales sediment communities analyzed in this study were more diverse than and completely distinct from communities from typical hypersaline water bodies. Finally, sequences unaffiliated with currently described genera represented a small fraction of the total Halobacteriales communities, ranging between 2.5% (Zodletone) to 7.0% (mangrove and Great Salt Lake). However, these novel sequences were characterized by remarkably high levels of alpha and beta diversities, suggesting the presence of an enormous, yet-untapped supply of novel Halobacteriales genera within the rare biosphere of various saline ecosystems.
机译：我们调查了五个不同沉积物生境中嗜盐古生菌（嗜盐细菌）成员的系统发育多样性和群落结构，这些生境经历了不同程度的盐度和盐度波动（来自俄克拉荷马州的大盐平原和佐德托内春季的沉积物，波多黎各的红树林沉积物） ，盐加工工厂中盐堆下面的沉淀物以及大盐湖北部地区的沉淀物）使用Halobacteriales特异的16S rRNA基因引物。在所有生境中都遇到了极为多样的嗜盐细菌群落，目前描述的38个嗜盐细菌属中，每个样品鉴定出27种（佐酮酮）至37种（红树林）不同的属。除了Zodletone Spring（盛行的地球化学条件极其不利于Halobacteriales生存）外，盐度水平波动的生境比永久盐碱生境更加多样化。除Halorubrum，Haloferax和Halobacterium属外，与最近描述的Halogranum，Halolamina，Haloplanus，Halosarcina和Halorientalis属相关的序列属于最丰富和普遍存在的属，这表明这些在盐中研究较少的属广泛分布沉积物。在这项研究中分析的盐杆菌沉积物群落比典型的高盐水体群落更加多样化，并且与之完全不同。最后，与当前描述的属无关的序列仅占全部嗜盐菌群落的一小部分，介于2.5％（佐酮酮）至7.0％（红树林和大盐湖）之间。但是，这些新序列的特征是具有很高的α和β多样性水平，这表明在各种盐碱生态系统的稀有生物圈中，存在着大量但尚未开发的新型嗜盐菌属。

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