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首页> 外文期刊>Applied Microbiology >sxtA-Based Quantitative Molecular Assay To Identify Saxitoxin-Producing Harmful Algal Blooms in Marine Waters
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sxtA-Based Quantitative Molecular Assay To Identify Saxitoxin-Producing Harmful Algal Blooms in Marine Waters

机译：基于sxtA的定量分子分析，可识别海水中产生毒素的有害藻华

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The recent identification of genes involved in the production of the potent neurotoxin and keystone metabolite saxitoxin (STX) in marine eukaryotic phytoplankton has allowed us for the first time to develop molecular genetic methods to investigate the chemical ecology of harmful algal blooms in situ . We present a novel method for detecting and quantifying the potential for STX production in marine environmental samples. Our assay detects a domain of the gene sxtA that encodes a unique enzyme putatively involved in the sxt pathway in marine dinoflagellates, sxtA4 . A product of the correct size was recovered from nine strains of four species of STX-producing Alexandrium and Gymnodinium catenatum and was not detected in the non-STX-producing Alexandrium species, other dinoflagellate cultures, or an environmental sample that did not contain known STX-producing species. However, sxtA4 was also detected in the non-STX-producing strain of Alexandrium tamarense , Tasmanian ribotype. We investigated the copy number of sxtA4 in three strains of Alexandrium catenella and found it to be relatively constant among strains. Using our novel method, we detected and quantified sxtA4 in three environmental blooms of Alexandrium catenella that led to STX uptake in oysters. We conclude that this method shows promise as an accurate, fast, and cost-effective means of quantifying the potential for STX production in marine samples and will be useful for biological oceanographic research and harmful algal bloom monitoring.
机译：最近鉴定出了在海洋真核浮游植物中产生强效神经毒素和基石代谢产物毒素（STX）的基因，这使我们首次开发了分子遗传学方法来研究原位有害藻华的化学生态学。我们提出了一种新颖的方法，用于检测和量化海洋环境样品中STX生产的潜力。我们的检测方法检测到sxtA基因的一个域，该域编码一种可能参与海洋鞭毛藻sxtA4的sxt途径的独特酶。从四个产生STX的亚历山大藻和裸子藻的四个物种的9个菌株中回收了正确大小的产物，未在非产生STX的亚历山大藻，其他鞭毛藻培养物或不含已知STX的环境样品中未检测到生产物种。但是，在非STX产生的塔斯马尼亚核糖型亚历山大亚历山大藻中也检测到了sxtA4。我们调查了亚历山大三叶草的三株菌株中sxtA4的拷贝数，发现在菌株之间它是相对恒定的。使用我们的新方法，我们在导致亚历山大牡蛎中STX摄取的亚历山大藻（Alexandre catenella）的三处环境开花中检测并定量了sxtA4。我们得出的结论是，这种方法显示出有望作为一种准确，快速且经济高效的手段来量化海洋样本中STX的生产潜力，并将对生物海洋学研究和有害藻华监测有用。

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