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首页> 外文期刊>Applied Microbiology >Species Co-Occurrence Patterns among Lyme Borreliosis Pathogens in the Tick Vector Ixodes ricinus
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Species Co-Occurrence Patterns among Lyme Borreliosis Pathogens in the Tick Vector Ixodes ricinus

机译：ick虫传染性线虫中的莱姆病菌病原菌之间的物种共现模式

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摘要

Mixed infections have important consequences for the ecology and evolution of host-parasite interactions. In vector-borne diseases, interactions between pathogens occur in both the vertebrate host and the arthropod vector. Spirochete bacteria belonging to the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato genospecies complex are transmitted by Ixodes ticks and cause Lyme borreliosis in humans. In Europe, there is a high diversity of Borrelia pathogens, and the main tick vector, Ixodes ricinus , is often infected with multiple Borrelia genospecies. In the present study, we characterized the pairwise interactions between five B. burgdorferi sensu lato genospecies in a large data set of I. ricinus ticks collected from the same field site in Switzerland. We measured two types of pairwise interactions: (i) co-occurrence, whether double infections occurred more or less often than expected, and (ii) spirochete load additivity, whether the total spirochete load in double infections was greater or less than the sum of the single infections. Mixed infections of Borrelia genospecies specialized on different vertebrate reservoir hosts occurred less frequently than expected (negative co-occurrence) and had joint spirochete loads that were lower than the additive expectation (inhibition). In contrast, mixed infections of genospecies that share the same reservoir hosts were more common than expected (positive co-occurrence) and had joint spirochete loads that were similar to or greater than the additive expectation (facilitation). Our study suggests that the vertebrate host plays an important role in structuring the community of B. burgdorferi sensu lato genospecies inside the tick vector.
机译：混合感染对宿主和寄生虫相互作用的生态和进化具有重要影响。在媒介传播的疾病中，病原体之间的相互作用在脊椎动物宿主和节肢动物媒介中均发生。属于伯氏疏螺旋体（Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato）基因组复合体的螺旋藻细菌通过I虱传播，并在人类中引起莱姆病。在欧洲，疏螺旋体的病原菌种类繁多，主要的tick虫传染媒介即蓖麻（Ixodes ricinus）经常感染多种疏螺旋体的基因型。在本研究中，我们在从瑞士同一地区采集的大蓖麻蓖麻tick的大型数据集中，对五个伯氏疏螺旋体基因组种之间的成对相互作用进行了表征。我们测量了两种类型的成对相互作用：（i）共现，两次感染是否比预期的发生更多或更少，以及（ii）螺旋体负荷加性，两次感染中的总螺旋体负荷是否大于或小于总和。单一感染。专门针对不同脊椎动物水库宿主的疏螺旋体属的混合感染发生的频率低于预期（阴性同时发生），并且螺旋体的关节负荷低于加和预期（抑制）。相比之下，共享同一宿主宿主的基因种的混合感染比预期的更为常见（阳性同时发生），并且螺旋体的担载量与加料的预期相似（或大于加和预期）（促进作用）。我们的研究表明，脊椎动物寄主在壁虱载体内部构建B. burgdorferi sensu lato基因型群落中起着重要作用。

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