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首页> 外文期刊>Applied Microbiology >Upper Respiratory Tract Microbial Communities, Acute Otitis Media Pathogens, and Antibiotic Use in Healthy and Sick Children
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Upper Respiratory Tract Microbial Communities, Acute Otitis Media Pathogens, and Antibiotic Use in Healthy and Sick Children

机译：健康和患病儿童的上呼吸道微生物群落，急性中耳炎病原体和抗生素使用

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The composition of the upper respiratory tract microbial community may influence the risk for colonization by the acute otitis media (AOM) pathogens Streptococcus pneumoniae , Haemophilus influenzae , and Moraxella catarrhalis . We used culture-independent methods to describe upper respiratory tract microbial communities in healthy children and children with upper respiratory tract infection with and without concurrent AOM. Nasal swabs and data were collected in a cross-sectional study of 240 children between 6 months and 3 years of age. Swabs were cultured for S. pneumoniae , and real-time PCR was used to identify S. pneumoniae , H. influenzae , and M. catarrhalis . The V1-V2 16S rRNA gene regions were sequenced using 454 pyrosequencing. Microbial communities were described using a taxon-based approach. Colonization by S. pneumoniae , H. influenzae , and M. catarrhalis was associated with lower levels of diversity in upper respiratory tract flora. We identified commensal taxa that were negatively associated with colonization by each AOM bacterial pathogen and with AOM. The balance of these relationships differed according to the colonizing AOM pathogen and history of antibiotic use. Children with antibiotic use in the past 6 months and a greater abundance of taxa, including Lactococcus and Propionibacterium , were less likely to have AOM than healthy children (odds ratio [OR], 0.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.25 to 0.85). Children with no antibiotic use in the past 6 months, a low abundance of Streptococcus and Haemophilus , and a high abundance of Corynebacterium and Dolosigranulum were less likely to have AOM (OR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.31 to 0.83). An increased understanding of polymicrobial interactions will facilitate the development of effective AOM prevention strategies.
机译：上呼吸道微生物群落的组成可能会影响急性中耳炎（AOM）病原体肺炎链球菌，流感嗜血杆菌和卡他莫拉菌定植的风险。我们使用独立于文化的方法来描述健康儿童和有或没有并发AOM的上呼吸道感染儿童的上呼吸道微生物群落。一项针对240名6个月至3岁儿童的横断面研究收集了鼻拭子和数据。培养棉签中的肺炎链球菌，并使用实时荧光定量PCR鉴定肺炎链球菌，流感嗜血杆菌和卡他氏菌。使用454焦磷酸测序对V1-V2 16S rRNA基因区域进行测序。使用基于分类群的方法描述了微生物群落。肺炎链球菌，流感嗜血杆菌和粘膜炎莫拉氏菌的定殖与上呼吸道菌群中较低水平的多样性有关。我们确定了与每个AOM细菌病原体和AOM移殖成负相关的共生类群。这些关系的平衡因定植的AOM病原体和抗生素使用史而异。在过去的6个月中使用抗生素且分类单元丰富的儿童（包括乳球菌和丙酸杆菌）与健康儿童相比，发生AOM的可能性较小（优势比[OR]为0.46; 95％置信区间[CI]为0.25至0.85） ）。在过去6个月内未使用抗生素，链球菌和嗜血杆菌的丰度较低，棒状杆菌和Dolosigranulum的丰度较高的儿童发生AOM的可能性较小（OR为0.51; 95％CI为0.31至0.83）。对微生物相互作用的加深了解将有助于制定有效的AOM预防策略。

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