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首页> 外文期刊>Applied Microbiology >High Prevalence of Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Campylobacter Bacteria in Sheep and Increased Campylobacter Counts in the Bile and Gallbladders of Sheep Medicated with Tetracycline in Feed
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High Prevalence of Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Campylobacter Bacteria in Sheep and Increased Campylobacter Counts in the Bile and Gallbladders of Sheep Medicated with Tetracycline in Feed

机译：饲喂四环素的绵羊中耐氟喹诺酮弯曲杆菌细菌的流行率很高，并且绵羊胆汁和胆囊中弯曲杆菌计数的增加

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Campylobacter is a major foodborne pathogen in humans and a significant cause of abortion in sheep. Although ruminants are increasingly recognized as important reservoirs for Campylobacter species, limited information is available about the molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles of sheep Campylobacter. Here, we describe a two-trial study that examined Campylobacter profiles in sheep and determined whether in-feed tetracycline (TET) influenced the distribution and AMR profiles of Campylobacter. Each trial involved 80 commercial sheep naturally infected with Campylobacter: 40 of these sheep were medicated with tetracycline in feed, while the other 40 received feed without antibiotics. Fecal and bile samples were collected for the isolation of Campylobacter. The bacterial isolates were analyzed for antimicrobial susceptibility and genotypes. The results revealed that 87.0% and 61.3% of the fecal and bile samples were positive for Campylobacter (Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli), with no significant differences between the medicated and nonmedicated groups. All but one of the tested Campylobacter isolates were resistant to tetracycline. Although fluoroquinolone (FQ) resistance remained low in C. jejuni (1.7%), 95.0% of the C. coli isolates were resistant to FQ. Genotyping revealed that C. jejuni sequence type 2862 (ST2862) and C. coli ST902 were the predominant genotypes in the sheep. Feed medication with tetracycline did not affect the overall prevalence, species distribution, and AMR profiles of Campylobacter, but it did increase the total Campylobacter counts in bile and gallbladder. These findings identify predominant Campylobacter clones, reveal the high prevalence of FQ-resistant C. coli, and provide new insights into the epidemiology of Campylobacter in sheep.IMPORTANCECampylobacter is a major cause of foodborne illness in humans, and antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter is considered a serious threat to public health in the United States and worldwide. As a foodborne pathogen, Campylobacter commonly exists in the intestinal tract of ruminant animals, such as sheep and cattle. Results from this study reveal the predominant genotypes and high prevalence of tetracycline (TET) and fluoroquinolone (FQ) resistance in sheep Campylobacter. The finding on fluoroquinolone resistance in sheep Campylobacter is unexpected, as this class of antibiotics is not used for sheep in the United States, and it may suggest the transmission of fluoroquinolone-resistant Campylobacter from cattle to sheep. Additionally, the results demonstrate that in-feed medication with tetracycline increases Campylobacter counts in gallbladders, suggesting that the antibiotic promotes Campylobacter colonization of the gallbladder. These findings provide new information on Campylobacter epidemiology in sheep, which may be useful for curbing the spread of antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter in animal reservoirs.
机译：弯曲杆菌是人类主要的食源性病原体，是绵羊流产的重要原因。尽管反刍动物被越来越多地认为是弯曲杆菌属的重要宿主，但关于绵羊弯曲杆菌的分子流行病学和抗菌素耐药性（AMR）概况的信息却很少。在这里，我们描述了一项两项试验，该研究检查了绵羊中的弯曲杆菌谱，并确定了进食四环素（TET）是否影响了弯曲杆菌的分布和AMR谱。每个试验都涉及80只天然感染弯曲杆菌的商品绵羊：其中40只在饲料中加入了四环素，而另外40只则接受了不含抗生素的饲料。收集粪便和胆汁样品以分离弯曲杆菌。分析了细菌分离物的抗药性和基因型。结果显示，粪便和胆汁样品中弯曲杆菌（空肠弯曲杆菌和大肠杆菌弯曲杆菌）阳性的比例分别为87.0％和61.3％，而药物治疗组和非药物治疗组之间无显着差异。除一种测试的弯曲杆菌分离株外，所有菌株均对四环素具有抗性。尽管在空肠弯曲杆菌中氟喹诺酮（FQ）耐药性仍然很低（1.7％），但95.0％的大肠杆菌分离株对FQ有抗性。基因分型显示，空肠弯曲菌序列类型2862（ST2862）和大肠杆菌ST902是绵羊的主要基因型。含四环素的饲料药物不会影响弯曲杆菌的总体患病率，种类分布和AMR分布，但会增加胆汁和胆囊中弯曲菌总数。这些发现确定了主要的弯曲杆菌克隆，揭示了高水平的耐FQ大肠杆菌，并为绵羊弯曲杆菌的流行病学提供了新的见解。重要弯曲杆菌是人类食源性疾病的主要原因，抗药弯曲杆菌被认为是在美国和世界范围内对公共卫生的严重威胁。作为食源性病原体，弯曲杆菌通常存在于反刍动物例如绵羊和牛的肠道中。这项研究的结果揭示了绵羊弯曲杆菌中主要的基因型和四环素（TET）和氟喹诺酮（FQ）耐药性的高流行。在绵羊弯曲杆菌中对氟喹诺酮类耐药性的发现是出乎意料的，因为在美国绵羊不使用此类抗生素，这可能表明对氟喹诺酮类耐药的弯曲杆菌从牛向绵羊传播。此外，结果表明，在饲料中添加四环素药物会增加胆囊中弯曲杆菌的计数，这表明抗生素可促进弯曲杆菌在胆囊中的定植。这些发现为绵羊弯曲菌流行病学提供了新的信息，这可能对于遏制抗生素耐药弯曲菌在动物水库中的传播很有用。

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